Evaluation method for effect of subgrade weak zone distribution on mechanical performance of pavement based on BIM and intelligent compaction
Article Text (Baidu Translation)
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摘要: 为了量化道基压实度空间分布特征及其对道面力学性能的影响，本文对机场智能压实工程进行分析，建立了建筑信息模型(BIM)与智能压实信息融合应用框架，提出了评价道基压实空间分布的压实薄弱综合指数; 通过道基土体加州承载比试验，分析压实计值与道基反应模量的关系; 建立三维有限元数值分析模型，探究压实度空间分布对机场道面力学性能的影响; 最后形成基于BIM模型的智能压实-道面结构力学性能一体化分析方法。研究结果表明：相同压实薄弱区面积比下的薄弱区毗邻度指标可相差2.5倍，压实薄弱综合指数可反映压实通过率、压实薄弱程度、薄弱区空间分布的综合影响，压实薄弱综合指数随压实薄弱区面积比的增加而增大，离散程度也逐步增加; 道基反应模量与压实计值呈幂指数增长关系; 道面弯拉应力最大值随压实薄弱综合指数的增加而增大，且可用三次多项式进行描述; 通过参数化BIM建模、属性信息扩展、可视化编程、智能压实数据与BIM数据融合、BIM-力学模型一体化分析，实现依据智能压实数据、道面结构几何数据及机型荷载数据对运行期道面结构应力与服役寿命进行动态分析，从而提升道基压实水平。研究成果对扩展智能压实数据的价值、实现场道工程智能建造-运维一体化分析具有参考意义。Abstract: To quantify the spatial distribution characteristics of compactness and their effects on pavement mechanical performance, an airport intelligent compaction project was analyzed, an application framework for the information fusion between building information model (BIM) and intelligent compaction was established, and a compaction weakness composite index for evaluating the spatial distribution of subgrade compaction was proposed. Through California bearing ratio tests on subgrade soil, the relationship between the compaction meter value and the subgrade reaction modulus was analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element numerical analysis model was established to investigate the effect of the spatial distribution of compactness on the mechanical performance of airport pavement. Finally, an integrated analysis method for intelligent compaction and pavement structure mechanical performance based on the BIM model was developed. The results indicate that under the same area ratio of compaction weak zones, the adjacency index of weak zones can differ by 2.5 times; the compaction weakness composite index can reflect the comprehensive effect of compaction pass rate, compaction weakness degree, and spatial distribution of weak zones; the compaction weakness composite index increases with the increase of the area ratio of compaction weak zones, and the degree of dispersion also gradually increases. Furthermore, the subgrade reaction modulus exhibits a power exponential growth relationship with the compaction meter value. The maximum flexural-tensile stress of the pavement increases with the increase of the compaction weakness composite index, and this relationship can be described by a cubic polynomial. Through parametric BIM modeling, attribute information extension, visual programming, fusion of intelligent compaction data and BIM data, and integrated analysis of BIM and mechanical model, the dynamic analysis of pavement structure stress and service life during the operation period can be realized based on intelligent compaction data, pavement structure geometric data, and aircraft load data, thereby improving the subgrade compaction level. The research results provide a reference for expanding the value of intelligent compaction data and realizing the integrated analysis of intelligent construction and operation-maintenance of airport pavement engineering.
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图 2 智能压实获取的压实数据空间分布
Figure 2. Space distribution of compaction data based on intelligent compaction
图 3 BIM与智能压实融合应用框架
Figure 3. Integrated application framework of BIM and intelligent compaction
图 11 B737-800起落架构型(单位：mm)
Figure 11. Landing gear configuration of B737-800 (unit: mm)
图 12 数值分析模型解与理论解对比
Figure 12. Comparison between numerical analysis model and theoretical solution
图 14 道基-道面结构参数化BIM建模
Figure 14. Parametric BIM modeling of subgrade-pavement structure
图 15 智能压实数据与BIM模型的融合
Figure 15. Integration of intelligent compaction data and BIM model
图 16 BIM信息与ABAQUS模型转换流程
Figure 16. Conversion process between BIM information and ABAQUS model
表 1 道基土体的物理力学参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of subgrade soil
土性 含水量/% 天然重度/ (kN·m-3) 孔隙比 塑限指数 压缩系数 渗透系数/ (cm·s-1) 粉质黏土 45 18.9 1.52 13.0 1.2 2.5×10-5 
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表 2 数值分析模型参数
Table 2. Parameters of numerical analysis model
位置 层厚/ m 弹性模量/ MPa 泊松比 土体黏聚力/kPa 土体内摩擦角/(°) 面层 0.4 37 000 0.15 基层 0.4 500 0.25 道基 20.0 式(14)换算 0.30 30.4 18.8
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表 3 机场跑道BIM模型基础属性定义
Table 3. Definition of basic attributes of airport runway BIM model
属性名称 数据类型 说明 PavementArea IfcAreaMeasure 道面板面积 PavementVolume IfcVolumeMeasure 道面板体积 VerticalSlope IfcPlaneAngleMeasure 纵坡坡度 RunwayLayer IfcCountMeasure 跑道层数 SurfaceCourseSlope IfcPlaneAngleMeasure 面层坡度 SurfaceCourseThickness IfcPositiveLengthMeasure 面层厚度 SurfaceCourseMaterial-Type IfcMaterialSelect 面层材料 BaseCourseThickness IfcPositiveLengthMeasure 基层厚度 BaseCourseMaterialType IfcMaterialSelect 基层材料 CushionThickness IfcPositiveLengthMeasure 垫层厚度 CushionMaterialType IfcMaterialSelect 垫层材料 SubgradeThickness IfcPositiveLengthMeasure 道基厚度 SubgradeMaterialType IfcMaterialSelect 道基材料 ConstructionDate IfcDateTime 铺设时间
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表 4 跑道智能压实评价扩展属性定义
Table 4. Definition of extended attributes for runway intelligent compaction evaluation
属性名称 属性类型 数据类型 说明 CompactionDegree IfcProperty- TableValue IfcCount- Measure 压实度 CompactionMeterValue ECMV SubgradeResilient- Modulus 道基反应模量 CompactionWeakness- AreaRatio 压实薄弱面积比 CompactionWeakness- CompositeIndex PCWCI FlexuralTensileStress 弯拉应力 ServiceLoadingTimes 允许作用次数
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表 5 某机场各类机型起降架次
Table 5. Various types of aircraft take-off and landing sorties at an airport
飞机机型 最大起飞质量/t 年总起降架次 占比/% B737-300 62.8 8 245 23.0 B737-800 79.0 17 490 48.8 A320-200 78.0 6 700 18.7 A380-800 575.0 3 410 9.5
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