粗-中-细集料配比设计与空隙率等值线分析

刘玉; 周愉惠; 黄兹润; 马加集; 汪海年; 尤占平

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.04.006

粗-中-细集料配比设计与空隙率等值线分析

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2022.04.006

1.
长安大学公路学院，陕西西安 710064
2.
上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司，上海 200092
3.
美国密歇根理工大学土木与环境工程系，密歇根霍顿 MI 49931

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51978074

国家重点研发计划 2021YFB2601000

详细信息

作者简介:
刘玉(1979-)，男，河南周口人，长安大学教授，工学博士，从事路面材料研究

通讯作者:
刘玉(1979-)，男，河南周口人，长安大学教授，工学博士

中图分类号: U414
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-21
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-08
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-25

Design of coarse-medium-fine aggregates proportion and analysis of air void contour curves

1.
School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
2.
Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China
3.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton MI 49931, Michigan, USA

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51978074

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFB2601000

More Information

Author Bio:
LIU Yu(1979-), male, professor, PhD, yul@chd.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 为了使矿质混合料达到工程要求，合理搭配不同粒径的集料颗粒，分析了矿质混合料中的集料粒径分布范围，把集料颗粒划分为粗、中和细三档，建立以粗料占比为横轴、中料占比为纵轴、细料占比为斜轴的三角坐标系，提出一种基于三角坐标系的粗、中和细集料配比设计方法；以粒径比和初始粒径为指标，建立粗、中和细料的27种组合，每种组合选择36种占比，通过离散元数值仿真试验，计算了972组虚拟试件的空隙率；构建了不同粒径比的空隙率等值曲线图，研究了粗、中、细集料组合及其占比对空隙率的影响规律。分析结果表明：初始粒径对空隙率的影响较小；粒径比对空隙率影响很大，随着粒径比增大空隙率逐渐减小；空隙率等值线具有明显的规律，随着粒径比的增大，等值线越来越密，区域性规律也越来越显著；初始粒径和粒径比作为混合料配比的2种指标，对空隙率影响程度不同，后者可作为主要指标；粗、中和细料的体积占比对空隙率的影响在三角坐标系中呈等值线变化，具有区域特征，在三角坐标系的三个顶点附近空隙率出现最大值，横轴中点附近空隙率出现最小值，且斜轴两侧空隙率具有明显差异，最大约为2.8%，斜轴以下空隙率相对较小；空隙率等值线的凸点指向纵轴顶点，凹口指向横轴中部，且等值线疏密程度可以表征空隙率差异程度。
- 路面材料 /
- 空隙率 /
- 集料配比设计 /
- 离散单元法 /
- 三角坐标系 /
- 空隙等值曲线
Abstract: In order to make the mineral mixture meet the engineering requirements and reasonably match the aggregate particles with different particle sizes, the distribution range of aggregate particle sizes in the mineral mixture was analyzed. The aggregates were divided into three grades: coarse, medium and fine aggregates, and a triangular coordinate system with coarse aggregate proportion as horizontal axis, medium aggregate proportion as vertical axis and fine aggregate proportion as oblique axis was established. A design method of coarse, medium and fine aggregate ratios based on the triangular coordinate system was proposed. With the particle size ratio and initial particle size as indexes, a total of 27 combinations of coarse, medium and fine aggregates were built and each combination had 36 mixing proportions. Through the discrete element simulation, the air void ratios of 972 virtual samples were calculated and the results were plotted in contour maps. The influences of coarse, medium and fine aggregates combinations and mixing proportions on the mixture air voids were studied. Analysis results show that the initial particle size has negligible impact on the air void ratio. The particle size ratio has a great influence on the air void ratio, and gradually decreases with the increase of the particle size ratio. The air void ratio contours show obvious trend. The contours become denser and the regional rules become more and more obvious with the increase of the particle size ratio. The initial particle size and particle size ratio are two types of indexes for the mixture proportion, which have different effects on the void ratio, and the latter can be used as the main index. The influences of volume proportions of coarse, medium and fine aggregates on the void ratio show contour change with regional characteristics in the triangular coordinate system. The maximum void ratio appears near the apexes of the coordinate, and the minimum void ratio appears near the midpoint of the lateral axis. The void ratios on both sides against the oblique axis are significantly different, with a maximum of about 2.8%. The void ratio below the oblique axis is relatively small. The convex points of the void ratio contours point to the apexes of the vertical axis, the concaves point to the middle of the lateral axis, and the density of the curves indicates the difference degree of the void ratios.
- pavement material /
- air void ratio /
- aggregate proportion design /
- discrete element method /
- triangular coordinating system /
- contour curve of air void

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图 1 集料形态参数

Figure 1. Morphological parameters of aggregates

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图 2 基于CMF配比的路面混合料组成结构

Figure 2. Composition structure of pavement mixture based on CMF proportion

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图 3 基于CMF配比的混合料拌和过程

Figure 3. Mixing process of mixture based on CMF proportion

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图 4 CMF配比的三角坐标系

Figure 4. Triangular coordinate system of CMF proportion

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图 5 CMF集料配比-空隙等值曲线

Figure 5. Contour curves of CMF aggregate proportion-air void ratio

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图 6 CMF颗粒各组合方案的平均空隙率

Figure 6. Average void ratio of each CMF combination scheme

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图 7 CMF颗粒配比-平均空隙等值曲线

Figure 7. Contour curves of CMF aggregate proportion-average air void ratio

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图 8 粒径比为2.0时CMF颗粒配比-空隙等值曲线

Figure 8. Contour curves of CMF-aggregate proportion-air void ratio when particle size ratio is 2.0

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 集料空隙相关特征

Table 1. Related features of aggregate voids

集料类型	空隙填充能力	空隙形成能力	空隙可填充性
C料	×	√	√
M料	√	√	√
F料	√	√	×

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表 2 基本体积参数与代码

Table 2. Basic volumetric properties and codes

材料类型	堆积体积	松装空隙体积	填充率	剩余空隙体积
C料	V_c	V_ac	F_cm(M料填V_ac) F_cf(F料填V_ac) F_cb(B料填V_ac)	V_lac
M料	V_m	V_am	F_mf(F料填V_am) F_mb(B料填V_am)	V_lam
F料	V_f	V_af	F_fb(B料填V_af)	V_laf
B料	有效体积为V_b			0
混合料	压实成型后体积为V_mix			V_la

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表 3 基于粒径比与初始粒径的原材料选择示例1

Table 3. Raw material selection example 1 based on particle size ratios and initial particle sizes

集料类型	粒径比值		粒径分布范围/mm
F	γ_F	8.0	0.009 375~0.075
M	γ_M	32.0	0.075~2.36
C	γ_C	8.0	2.36~19

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表 4 基于粒径比与初始粒径的原材料选择示例2

Table 4. Raw material selection example 2 based on particle size ratios and initial particle sizes

集料类型	粒径比值		粒径分布范围/mm
F_f	γ_{F_f}	2.0	0.009 375~0.018 75
F_m	γ_{F_m}	2.0	0.018 75~0.037 5
F_c	γ_{F_c}	2.0	0.037 5~0.075

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表 5 基于粒径比与初始粒径的原材料选择示例3

Table 5. Raw material selection example 3 based on particle size ratios and initial particle sizes

集料类型	粒径比值		粒径分布范围/mm
M_f	γ_{M_f}	2.0	0.075~0.15
M_m	γ_{M_m}	4.0	0.15~0.6
M_c	γ_{M_c}	4.0	0.6~2.36

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表 6 基于粒径比与初始粒径的原材料选择示例4

Table 6. Raw material selection example 4 based on particle size ratios and initial particle sizes

集料类型	粒径比值		粒径分布范围/mm
C_f	γ_{C_f}	2.0	2.36~4.75
C_m	γ_{C_m}	2.0	4.75~9.5
C_c	γ_{C_c}	2.0	9.5~19

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表 7 离散元模型参数

Table 7. Discrete element model parameters

类别	参数	取值
球型颗粒	密度/(kg·m^-3)	2 650
球形颗粒接触	模量/Pa	5.0× 10⁸
	刚度比	1.4
	摩擦因数	1.0
	法向临界阻尼比	1.0
球与墙接触	法向刚度/Pa	1.0 × 10⁷
	切向刚度/Pa	0
	摩擦因数	0
	法向临界阻尼比	1

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表 8 集料粒径范围与CMF组合方案

Table 8. Ranges of aggregate particle sizes and CMF combination schemes

初始粒径/mm	粒径比
初始粒径/mm	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.8	1.9	2.0
2.36							√	√	√
4.75				√	√	√	√	√	√
9.5	√	√	√	√	√	√
13.2	√	√	√	√
16	√	√	√
19	√	√	√
26.5	√
31.5	√

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