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列车运行引起地铁车辆段与上盖建筑环境振动研究综述

邹超 冯青松 何卫

邹超, 冯青松, 何卫. 列车运行引起地铁车辆段与上盖建筑环境振动研究综述[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2023, 23(1): 27-46. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.01.003
引用本文: 邹超, 冯青松, 何卫. 列车运行引起地铁车辆段与上盖建筑环境振动研究综述[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2023, 23(1): 27-46. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.01.003
ZOU Chao, FENG Qing-song, HE Wei. Research review on environmental vibrations in metro depot and over-track buildings induced by train operation[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2023, 23(1): 27-46. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.01.003
Citation: ZOU Chao, FENG Qing-song, HE Wei. Research review on environmental vibrations in metro depot and over-track buildings induced by train operation[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2023, 23(1): 27-46. doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.01.003

列车运行引起地铁车辆段与上盖建筑环境振动研究综述

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2023.01.003
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 51908139

国家自然科学基金项目 52068029

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目 2021A1515012605

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目 2022A1515010536

详细信息
    作者简介:

    邹超(1988-),男,广西桂林人,广东工业大学副教授,工学博士,从事轨道交通环境振动与噪声研究

    通讯作者:

    冯青松(1978-),男,山西榆社人,华东交通大学教授,工学博士

  • 中图分类号: U231

Research review on environmental vibrations in metro depot and over-track buildings induced by train operation

Funds: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51908139

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52068029

Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province 2021A1515012605

Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province 2022A1515010536

More Information
  • 摘要: 为深化对地铁车辆段与上盖建筑环境振动影响因素的认识,从振源特点、控制标准、传播规律、预测方法及减振措施这5个方面系统回顾了工程实践和研究成果,并探讨了目前存在的问题与后续研究的方向。研究结果表明:现有地铁车辆段与上盖建筑环境振动评价与控制标准不统一,有必要在现行标准的基础上对车辆段进行合理分区,制定科学、统一、合理的标准;上盖建筑振动来源于与轨道不同距离的承重结构能量的叠加,振动量级取决于振动源强、土与建筑结构的耦合损耗以及上部转换结构的能量衰减;从合成振级上看,振动随楼层的变化并非单调增减;从分频振级上看,低频段振动在不同楼层体现出整体振动的特点,在峰值频率以上的高频段随楼层的增大呈衰减趋势;振源随机性、土与结构接触的不确定性、上盖建筑结构的振动传播特性等因素均对振动在建筑内的传播规律有较大影响,也是决定环境振动预测方法准确性的关键因素;应根据车辆段振源特点对其进行分区,对工程设计不同时期进行分段,进一步研究振动传递路径清晰且便于高效应用的上盖建筑振动预测方法;车辆段减振措施设计主要依赖振源处减振,传播路径隔振和敏感目标自身隔振技术的研究与应用明显不足,有必要研究传播路径永久性隔振措施在近振源场的隔振效果与适用性,推进建筑结构减振措施设计与应用,实现振源、传播路径和敏感目标的综合性减振设计。

     

  • 图  1  地铁车辆段与上盖建筑开发模式

    Figure  1.  Development modes of metro depot and over-track building

    图  2  典型地铁车辆段布局

    Figure  2.  Layout of typical metro depot

    图  3  不同算法间Z计权分频振级对比

    Figure  3.  Comparison of Z-weighted vibration levels in frequencies by using different calculating methods

    图  4  实测车轮不圆顺分位谱

    Figure  4.  Quantile spectra of measured wheel roughness

    图  5  实测钢轨动态不平顺谱及粗糙度谱

    Figure  5.  Measured dynamic irregularity spectra and roughness spectra of rail

    图  6  数值模型计算步骤

    Figure  6.  Calculation steps of numerical model

    图  7  列车-轨道动力学模型

    Figure  7.  Train-track dynamics model

    图  8  精细化建筑模型

    Figure  8.  Refined building model

    图  9  激振实测传递函数预测方法

    Figure  9.  Prediction methods of measured transfer function by vibration excitation

    图  10  建筑振动缩尺模型与一维阻抗模型

    Figure  10.  Scale model and one-dimensional impedance model of building vibration

    图  11  建筑振动现场试验与一维阻抗模型[64]

    Figure  11.  Field measurement of building vibration and one-dimensional impedance model[64]

    图  12  上盖建筑振动预测二维阻抗模型

    Figure  12.  Two-dimensional impedance model for vibration prediction of over-track building

    图  13  上盖建筑振动预测三维阻抗模型

    Figure  13.  Three-dimensional impedance model for vibration prediction of over-track building

    图  14  磁各庄车辆段50 kg·m-1钢轨冻结接头夹板

    Figure  14.  Freezing joint splint of 50 kg·m-1 rail in Cigezhuang Metro Depot

    图  15  常用减振扣件

    Figure  15.  Commonly used fasteners for vibration mitigation

    图  16  试车线碎石道床梯形轨枕

    Figure  16.  Ladder sleepers with ballast bed at test line

    图  17  减振垫

    Figure  17.  Vibration mitigation pad

    图  18  碎石道床钢弹簧浮置板

    Figure  18.  Steel spring floating slab for ballast bed

    图  19  空沟隔振

    Figure  19.  Vibration isolation by open trenches

    图  20  排桩隔振

    Figure  20.  Vibration isolation by row piles

    图  21  隔振支座

    Figure  21.  Vibration isolation bearing

    图  22  隔振支座现场测试

    Figure  22.  Field test of vibration isolation bearing

    图  23  钢弹簧浮置楼板

    Figure  23.  Steel spring floating floor

    表  1  地铁车辆段振动敏感区域

    Table  1.   Vibration sensitive areas in metro depot

    功能分区 列车速度/(km·h-1) 线路特点 用途
    检修库 5~10 直线无砟轨道 车辆检修与维护
    停车列检库 5~15 直线无砟轨道 车辆停放与巡检
    试车线 与正线一致 直线、曲线有砟轨道 车辆动态性能试验
    咽喉区 10~25 直线、小半径曲线有砟轨道,道岔、轨道接头较多 车辆段各种作业必经之地
    出入段线 15~40 直线、曲线有砟/无砟轨道,含U型槽 连接地铁正线与车辆段
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  中国现行国家及行业标准中容许振动限值比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of allowable vibration limits of current national and industry standards in China

    类别 GB 10070—1988 JGJ/T 170—2009 GB 50868—2013 GB/T 50355—2018
    昼间 夜间 昼间 夜间 昼间 夜间 昼间 夜间
    评价指标 VZmax/dB Vmax/dB aVDV/(m·s-1.75) VZmax/dB
    对振动敏感、要求较高的特殊区域 65 65 65 62
    一般住宅区 卧室 70 67 65 62 0.2 0.1 73(一级)、78(二级) 70(一级)、75(二级)
    起居室(厅) 73(一级)、78(二级)
    金融商业区或办公区 75 72 70 67 0.4
    工业生产区 75 72 75 72 0.8
    交通干线道路两侧 75 72
    铁路干线两侧 80 80 75 72
    下载: 导出CSV
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    ZHENG Guo-chen. State-of-the-art on joint construction system of subway and buildings in China[J]. China Railway Science, 2020, 41(1): 134-141. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTK202001019.htm
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-10
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-03-08
  • 刊出日期:  2023-02-25

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