Spacial and temporal influences of emergency on traffic flow in large-scale activity
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摘要: 为了研究大型活动消散过程中交通流分布状况, 分析了大型活动中突发事件对交通流分布的时空影响特征, 总结了突发事件下常用的交通管制和疏导措施, 将静态多路径交通分配方法与元胞传输模型(CTM)相结合, 设计出了适合突发事件下的准动态交通分配方法。对一个小规模路网进行仿真, 计算了突发事件下各交叉口节点的拥堵时刻, 研究了路网拥堵的形成及消散的时空变化规律, 并对两组不同管控方案下交通流疏散效率进行了对比。对比结果表明: 不同控制方案下的路网在仿真时段内平均车辆延误分别为197、232 s.pcu-1, 由该指标可以判断方案一优于方案二, 因此, 基于CTM的准动态交通分配方法可定量评价突发事件下交通组织方案的效果。Abstract: In order to study the dynamic characters of traffic flow in large-scale activity, the spacial and temporal influences and traffic management under emergency were analyzed, static multi-path traffic assignment algorithm and cell transmission model(CTM) were combined, and a quasi-dynamic assignment algorithm was proposed.A small network was simulated, the jam times of intersections were calculated, and the forming and dissipating characters of traffic jam under emergency were studied.Different effects of two traffic management schemes on traffic flow were contrasted.Analysis result indicates that the average vehicle delays of two schemes are 197 s·pcu-1 and 232 s·pcu-1 respectively, scheme I is better than scheme II.So quasi-dynamic assignment algorithm can quantitatively evaluate the effect of traffic management scheme under emerggncy.
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