Shear property demands of binding layer on concrete bridge pavement and simplified calculation
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摘要: 通过有限元方法, 分析了不同类型桥面防水粘结层的受力特点及其剪应力对铺装层各种参数(包括厚度、模量、水平荷载及胎压等) 的敏感性, 得到了粘结层剪应力角度变化范围, 提出了桥面粘结层的抗剪强度要求计算公式。通过变化室内斜剪试验剪切角度(25°~65°), 得出了剪切角度变化时粘结层抗剪强度随温度变化的规律。研究结果表明: 桥面铺装厚度和水平荷载是影响层间剪应力与剪切角度大小的主要因素, 粘结层材料的抗剪性能随着温度和剪切角度的增大迅速降低, 具有一定厚度的低模量防水卷材粘结层对铺装层抗剪是不利的。建议通过比较不同场合桥面粘结层的抗剪强度测试值和理论计算值, 判定粘结层的粘结效果, 用于指导防水粘结层的选择。Abstract: The mechanical properties of several types of binding layers on concrete bridge pavements were analyzed by using finite element method, and the sensitivities between their shear strengths and several pavement parameters including thickness, modulus, lateral load and tire pressure were studied. The range of shear angle was obtained and a simplified calculation equation for the shear strength of bonding layer between pavement and concrete bridge was put forward. By varying shear angle from 25° to 65° during inner-door skew shearing experiment, the varying rules of shear strength of bonding layer with temperature were analyzed. Research result indicates that the thickness and lateral load are main influence factors for shear strength and shear angle, the shear property of bonding layer decreases rapidly with the increase of test temperature and shear angle, and the use of low modulus waterproofing roll with a certain thickness is disadvantageous to shear property. The sticking effect of bonding layer can be judged by the comparison of testing values and calculating values of shear strengths at different paving sites, which can be used to supervise the selection of water proofing binding layer.
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图 5 0 ℃时剪切强度随剪切角度变化曲线
Figure 5. Change curves of shear strength with shear angle at 0 ℃
图 6 25 ℃时剪切强度随剪切角度变化曲线
Figure 6. Change curves of shear strength with shear angle at 25 ℃
图 7 50 ℃时剪切强度随剪切角度变化曲线
Figure 7. Change curves of shear strength with shear angle at 50 ℃
表 1 不同铺装层模量对应层底剪应力与剪切角
Table 1. Corresponding bottom shear stresses and shear angles of different bridge deck pavement moduli
铺装层模量/MPa 800 1 800 2 800 3 800 4 800 最大剪应力/MPa 0.243 0.241 0.239 0.238 0.237 剪切角/ (°) 30.95 31.21 31.36 31.52 31.69 
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表 2 不同铺装层厚度对应层底剪应力与剪切角
Table 2. Corresponding bottom shear stresses and shear angles of different bridge deck pavement thicknesses
铺装层厚度/cm 4 6 8 10 12 16 最大剪应力/MPa 0.300 0.287 0.265 0.241 0.217 0.174 剪切角/ (°) 33.45 33.37 32.24 31.21 30.39 28.94
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表 3 不同水平力系数对应层间剪应力及剪切角
Table 3. Corresponding interbedded shear stresses and shear angles of different friction coefficients
水平力系数 0 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 层间最大剪应力/MPa 0.183 0.287 0.346 0.417 0.528 剪切角/ (°) 0.0 33.4 37.2 41.4 45.0
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表 4 不同轮胎压力对层间剪应力的影响
Table 4. Influence of different tire pressures on interbedded shear stresses
轮胎压力/MPa 0.707 0.848 0.990 1.131 1.414 层间最大剪应力/MPa 0.287 0.323 0.364 0.406 0.448
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表 5 不同卷材模量对应各层底部剪应力与剪切角
Table 5. Corresponding bottom shear stresses and shear angles of different membrane moduli
卷材模量/MPa 铺装层底部 卷材中部 卷材底部 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 20 0.387 41 27.55 0.029 34 3.97 0.052 55 7.17 40 0.367 41 26.52 0.045 86 6.19 0.069 59 9.17 60 0.353 28 25.81 0.058 52 7.90 0.082 31 10.63 80 0.342 17 25.25 0.068 92 9.30 0.092 66 11.80 100 0.332 96 24.78 0.077 78 10.49 0.101 43 12.78
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表 6 不同铺装层模量对应层底剪应力与剪切角
Table 6. Corresponding bottom shear stresses and shear angles of different bridge deck pavement moduli
铺装层模量/MPa 铺装层底部 卷材中部 卷材底部 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 800 0.321 86 24.00 0.092 36 12.34 0.116 15 14.64 1 800 0.349 97 25.60 0.061 83 8.33 0.085 69 11.02 2 800 0.363 68 26.50 0.048 97 6.65 0.072 44 9.50 3 800 0.373 22 27.22 0.041 59 5.69 0.064 59 8.61 4 800 0.380 96 27.86 0.036 71 5.06 0.059 24 8.03
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表 7 不同铺装层厚度对应层底剪应力与剪切角
Table 7. Corresponding bottom shear stresses and shear angles of different membrane thicknesses
铺装层厚度/cm 铺装层底部 卷材中部 卷材底部 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 最大剪应力/MPa 剪切角/ (°) 4 0.489 53 34.92 0.081 47 11.17 0.134 80 12.34 6 0.389 21 30.77 0.071 89 9.23 0.111 63 11.35 8 0.368 72 26.49 0.064 60 8.34 0.095 09 10.84 10 0.353 28 25.81 0.058 52 7.90 0.082 31 10.63 12 0.330 61 26.67 0.053 25 7.67 0.072 02 10.46
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表 8 不同类型粘结层剪切强度
Table 8. Shear strengths of different types of pavement bonding layers
MPa 材料类型 试验温度/℃ 0 25 50 普通乳化沥青 2.33 0.85 0.30 SBS改性乳化沥青 4.68 1.46 0.33 溶剂型沥青粘结剂 5.46 1.56 0.44 普通乳化沥青稀浆封层 2.88 0.87 0.23 某SBS改性热沥青+聚酯玻纤布 1.93 0.52 0.11 某防水卷材 1.25 0.36 0.03
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表 9 剪切试验结果
Table 9. Result of shear test
MPa 试验温度/℃ 剪切角/ (°) 25 30 35 40 50 55 60 65 0 5.23 4.68 4.04 4.02 3.34 2.89 25 1.76 1.67 1.48 1.46 1.25 1.32 1.33 1.00 50 0.58 0.47 0.42 0.33 0.30 0.22 0.13 0.10 注: UTM25的极限荷载为25 kN; 0 ℃时, 剪切角为25°和30°的试件在竖向最大荷载25 kN下未发生破坏。
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