黄土地区不同成孔方式灌注桩压浆前后承载特性

周志军; 徐天宇; 徐甫; 陈超然; 白杨

doi:10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2021.04.005

黄土地区不同成孔方式灌注桩压浆前后承载特性

doi: 10.19818/j.cnki.1671-1637.2021.04.005

周志军^{1, 2,},
徐天宇^{1, 3, ,},
徐甫¹,
陈超然¹,
白杨¹

1.
长安大学公路学院，陕西西安 710064
2.
长安大学西安长大公路工程检测中心，陕西西安 710064
3.
温州理工学院建筑与能源工程学院，浙江温州 325000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51878064

详细信息

作者简介:
周志军(1975-)，男，江苏泰州人，长安大学教授，工学博士，从事特殊土路基、地基基础等研究

通讯作者:
徐天宇(1996-)，男，浙江诸暨人，温州理工学院助教，工学硕士

中图分类号: U443.15
计量
- 文章访问数: 922
- HTML全文浏览量: 381
- PDF下载量: 34
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-25

Bearing characteristics of cast-in-place piles with different hole-forming methods before and after grouting in loess area

ZHOU Zhi-jun^{1, 2
,},
XU Tian-yu^{1, 3
, ,},
XU Fu¹,
CHEN Chao-ran¹,
BAI Yang¹

1.
School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
2.
Xi'an Changda Highway Engineering Testing Center, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
3.
School of Architecture and Energy Engineering, Wenzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51878064

More Information

Author Bio:
ZHOU Zhi-jun(1975-), male, professor, PhD, zhouzhijun@chd.edu.cn

Corresponding author: XU Tian-yu(1996-), male, assistant, xutianyu@chd.edu.cn

Article Text (Baidu Translation)

摘要

摘要: 为了研究成孔方式对后压浆灌注桩承载特性的影响，分别对压浆前后的人工挖孔、旋挖成孔和冲击钻孔灌注桩进行了现场静载试验，分析了成孔方式对最终注浆量的影响，研究了不同成孔方式下灌注桩压浆前后沉降、极限承载力、桩侧阻力及桩端阻力的改善效果；探讨了不同成孔工艺对压浆过程和桩基承载特性的影响机制，考虑不同成孔方式和浆液上返高度，验证了《建筑桩基技术规范》(JGJ 94—2008)推荐的后压浆桩基极限承载力计算方法。研究结果表明：当理论注浆量相同时，实际最终注浆量从大到小依次为旋挖成孔桩、人工挖孔桩和冲击钻孔桩；压浆后，沉降特性的改善效果从好到差依次为冲击钻孔桩、旋挖成孔桩和人工挖孔桩；极限承载力的提高幅度从大到小依次为冲击钻孔桩、旋挖成孔桩和人工挖孔桩；压浆后，距桩端以上12 m范围内的桩侧阻力明显提高，提高幅度从大到小依次为冲击钻孔桩、旋挖成孔桩和人工挖孔桩；人工挖孔桩、旋挖成孔桩和冲击钻孔桩桩端阻力占总荷载的比例分别提升了17.05%、12.23%和15.10%，均表现出明显的端承摩擦桩特性；人工挖孔桩和旋挖成孔桩侧阻力和端阻力增强系数与《建筑桩基技术规范》(JGJ 94—2008) 基本接近，冲击钻孔桩则相差较大，表明灌注桩成孔方式对后压浆参数的选取和后压浆灌注桩的承载特性具有很大的影响。
- 桥梁工程 /
- 灌注桩 /
- 成孔方式 /
- 后压浆 /
- 静载试验 /
- 承载特性
Abstract: Static load tests on manual digging piles (MDPs), rotary drilling piles (RDPs), and impact drilling piles (IDPs) before and after grouting were performed to investigate the effect of hole-forming method on the bearing characteristics of cast-in-place piles under post-grouting. The effect of hole-forming method on the final grouting quantity was analyzed. The improvement effects of pile settlement, ultimate bearing capacity, pile side resistance, and pile end resistance before and after grouting under different hole-forming methods were evaluated. The influence mechanisms of different hole-forming methods on the grouting process and bearing characteristics of the pile were examined. The methods for calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of post-grouting pile recommended by the Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations (JGJ 94—2008) were verified by comparing different hole-forming methods and the upper return height of the slurry. Research results show that the actual final grouting quantities range from large to small in the order of RDPs, MDPs, and IDPs when the theoretical grouting quantities are the same. After grouting, the improvement effects of settlement characteristic range from positive to negative in the order of IDPs, RDPs, and MDPs. The increasing ranges of the ultimate bearing capacity are from large to small in the order of IDPs, RDPs and MDPs. The pile side resistance improves within 12 m above the pile end after grouting, and the increasing ranges are in the order of IDPs, RDPs, and MDPs. The proportions of pile end resistances to the total loads of MDPs, RDPs, and IDPs increase by 17.05%, 12.23%, and 15.10%, respectively, indicating significant improvements in the characteristics of the end-bearing friction pile. The enhanced coefficients of side resistances and end resistances of MDPs and RDPs are close to those recommended in the Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations (JGJ 94—2008), whereas those of the IDPs are slightly different. Therefore, the hole-forming method of cast-in-place pile significantly influences the selection of post-grouting parameters and the bearing characteristics of cast-in-place piles. 6 tabs, 7 figs, 31 refs.
- bridge engineering /
- cast-in-place pile /
- hole-forming method /
- post-grouting /
- static load test /
- bearing characteristic

HTML全文

图 1 桩的布置

Figure 1. Piles arrangement

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 注浆压力和注浆量变化曲线

Figure 2. Variation curves of grouting pressures and grouting quantities

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 试桩荷载-沉降曲线

Figure 3. Load-settlement curves of test piles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 单桩极限承载力

Figure 4. Ultimate bearing capacities of single piles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 试桩轴力曲线

Figure 5. Axial force curves of test piles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 试桩侧阻力曲线

Figure 6. Lateral resistance curves of test piles

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 桩端阻力变化曲线

Figure 7. Variation curves of trip resistances

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 试验区黄土力学性质

Table 1. Mechanical properties of loess in test area

土层	深度范围/m	黏聚力/kPa	内摩擦角/(°)	最佳含水率/%	孔隙比	承载力容许值/kPa	摩阻力标准值/kPa
黄土状土	0~6.5	6.8	28.4	16.3	0.89	120	50
老黄土	>6.5	30.5	25.8	7.9	0.59	170	70

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 α经验值

Table 2. Empirical values of α

持力层土质	黏性土与粉土	粉砂	细砂	中砂	粗砂	砾砂	碎石土
α	2.1~2.5	2.5~3.2	2.4~2.7	2.3~2.7	3.1~3.8	3.1~3.8	2.3~2.8

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 《规范》β_s和β_p取值

Table 3. Values of β_s and β_p in specification

土层	淤泥质土	黏性土粉土	粉砂细砂	中砂	粗砂砾砂	砾石卵石	风化岩石
β_s	1.2~1.3	1.4~1.8	1.6~2.0	1.7~2.1	2.0~2.5	2.4~3.0	1.4~1.8
β_p		2.2~2.5	2.4~2.8	2.6~3.0	3.0~3.5	3.2~4.0	2.0~2.4

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 极限承载力实测值和计算值

Table 4. Measured values and calculated values of ultimate bearing capacity kN

试桩	S2	S4	S6
实测值	15 000	16 000	20 000
计算值	13 150	13 150	14 680

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 Q_s2和Q实测值

Table 5. Measured values of Q_s2 and Q kN

试桩	S2	S4	S6
Q_s2	4 969	5 572	10 998
Q	4 952	4 993	7 919

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 β_s和β_p的计算值和规范值比较

Table 6. Comparison of calculated values and code values of β_s and β_p

	成孔方式	人工挖孔	旋挖成孔	冲击钻孔
β_s	规范值	1.6	1.6	1.6
β_s	计算值	1.3	1.4	1.4
β_p	规范值	1.44	1.44	2.40
β_p	计算值	1.64	1.65	4.06

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(31)

[1]	ZHENG Ai-rong, CHEN Zhi-jun, ZHUGE Ai-jun. Pile load test of post-grouting bored pile at Beijing Capital International Airport[C]//IOP. 3rd International Workshop on Renewable Energy and Development. Bristol: IOP, 2019: 052060.
[2]	ZHOU Hong-bo, CHEN Zhu-chang. Analysis of effect of different construction methods of piles on the end effect on skin friction of piles[J]. Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China, 2007, 1(4): 458-463. doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0062-7
[3]	胡庆红, 张土乔, 谢新宇. 深厚软土中大直径灌注扩底桩受力性状试验研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2007, 40(4): 87-91, 103. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-131X.2007.04.015 HU Qing-hong, ZHANG Tu-qiao, XIE Xin-yu. Experimental study on the bearing capacity of large diameter cast-in-place under-reamed pile in deep soft soils[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2007, 40(4): 87-91, 103. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-131X.2007.04.015
[4]	王端端, 张兴明, 周志军, 等. 陕北黄土地区旋挖钻孔桩荷载传递特性研究[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2016, 13(7): 1268-1274. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7029.2016.07.007 WANG Duan-duan, ZHANG Xing-ming, ZHOU Zhi-jun, et al. Research on load transfer behavior of revolving digging cast-in-place in loess region in Northern Shaanxi[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2016, 13(7): 1268-1274. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7029.2016.07.007
[5]	ZHAO Feng. Mechanism research on the improvement of bearing capacity of single pile by pile-base post grouting technique and estimation of bearing capacity[C]//EDP Science. 2015 International Conference on Energy, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering. Courtaboeuf: EDP Sciences, 2015: 03008.
[6]	冯忠居, 谢永利, 张宏光, 等. "滇西红层"区大直径桥梁桩基承载力影响因素综合研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2005, 27(5): 540-544. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.2005.05.011 FENG Zhong-ju, XIE Yong-li, ZHANG Hong-guang, et al. Comprehensive analysis on influencing factors of bearing capacity of large diameter pile foundation for red bed in West Yunnan[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2005, 27(5): 540-544. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.2005.05.011
[7]	CHAKRABORTY D, KUMAR J. Bearing capacity of piles in soft clay underlaid by cohesive frictional soil[J]. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2013, 13(3): 311-317. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000211
[8]	FAKHARIAN K, MESKAR M, MOHAMMADLOU A S. Effect of surcharge pressure on pile static axial load test results[J]. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2014, 146: 04014024.
[9]	ZHANG Rui-kun, SHI Ming-lei, ZHANG Hao, et al. The enhancement effect analysis of pile-base post-grouting piles[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2012, 170-173: 227-231. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.170-173.227
[10]	WANG Bin, ZHANG Jie. Mechanical mechanism of the post-grouting pile[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013, 351/352: 510-514. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.351-352.510
[11]	FANG Kai, ZHAO Tong-bin, TAN Yun-liang, et al. Prediction of grouting penetration height along the shaft of base grouted pile[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2019, 7(7): 212. doi: 10.3390/jmse7070212
[12]	LIU Nian-wu, ZHANG Zhong-miao, ZHANG Qian-qin, et al. Destructive field tests on mobilization of end resistance of cast-in-situ bored piles[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2013, 20: 1071-1078. doi: 10.1007/s11771-013-1586-8
[13]	平学兵. 后压浆人工挖孔桩承载力理论及试验分析[J]. 建筑结构, 2007, 31(11): 63-65. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JCJG200711022.htm PING Xue-bing. Theoretical and test analysis on bearing capacity of post grouting man-power mine pile[J]. Architectural Structure, 2007, 31(11): 63-65. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JCJG200711022.htm
[14]	王忠福, 刘汉东, 贾金禄, 等. 大直径深长钻孔灌注桩竖向承载力特性试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2012, 33(9): 2663-2670. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201209021.htm WANG Zhong-fu, LIU Han-dong, JIA Jin-lu, et al. Experimental study of vertical bearing capacity behavior of large-diameter bored cast-in-situ long pile[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(9): 2662-2670. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201209021.htm
[15]	MASCE G M, WINTERS D, DAPP S. Predicting end bearing capacity of post-grouted drilled shaft in cohesionless soils[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2006, 132(4): 478-487. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:4(478)
[16]	布克明, 殷坤龙, 龚维明. 钻孔后压浆技术在苏通大桥基础工程中的应用[J]. 岩土力学, 2008, 29(6): 1697-1700. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2008.06.050 BU Ke-ming, YIN Kun-long, GONG Wei-ming. Post-grouting technique for piled foundation: case history of Su-Tong Bridge[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2008, 29(6): 1697-1700. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2008.06.050
[17]	刘大鹏, 王贵和, 魏亮亮. 后压浆旋挖钻孔灌注桩在唐山地区的应用[J]. 施工技术, 2011, 40(增): 69-71. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SGJS2011S2023.htm LIU Da-peng, WANG Gui-he, WEI Liang-liang. Application of post-grouting spinning drill pile in Tangshan area[J]. Construction Technology, 2011, 40(S): 69-71. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SGJS2011S2023.htm
[18]	THIYYAKKANDI S, MCVAY M, BLOOMQUIST D, et al. Experimental study, numerical modeling of and axial prediction approach to base grouted drilled shafts in cohesionless soils[J]. Acta Geotechnica, 2014, 9: 439-454. doi: 10.1007/s11440-013-0246-3
[19]	康景文, 孟贵林, 李圣, 等. 昔格达泥岩中后压浆冲孔灌注桩承载力研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2010, 32(增2): 123-126. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC2010S2032.htm KANG Jing-wen, MENG Gui-lin, LI Sheng, et al. Bearing capacity of bored piles after grouting in Xigeda mudstone[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32(S2): 123-126. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC2010S2032.htm
[20]	孙波. 山西大剧院冲孔灌注桩施工技术[J]. 施工技术, 2010, 39(9): 57-59. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SGJS201009018.htm SUN Bo. Construction technology of punching piles in Shanxi Theatre[J]. Construction Technology, 2010, 39(9): 57-59. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SGJS201009018.htm
[21]	黄生根, 龚维明. 苏通大桥一期超长大直径试桩承载特性分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, 23(19): 3370-3375. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2004.19.027 HUANG Sheng-gen, GONG Wei-ming. Analysis on bearing behavior of 1-stage super long-large diameter testing piles in Sutong Bridge[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(19): 3370-3375. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2004.19.027
[22]	ZHANG Jin-tuan. Exploring the relationship between the bottom rocks of the pile and the pile hole cleaning[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2011, 261-263(5): 999-1002. http://www.scientific.net/AMR.261-263.999
[23]	XING Hao-feng, Liu Liang-liang. Field tests on influencing factors of negative skin friction for pile foundations in collapsible loess regions[J]. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 2018, 16: 1413-1422. doi: 10.1007/s40999-018-0294-z
[24]	ZHAI De-zhi, ZHOU Feng, ZHOU Jin-feng, et al. Experimental study and numerical analysis on bearing characteristics of large diameter ultra-long bored piles with post grouting on the tip and side[C]//IOP. 2018 International Conference on Civil and Hydraulic Engineering. Bristol: IOP, 2018: 022024.
[25]	LI Xiao-juan, DAI Guo-liang, ZHU Ming-xing, et al. Application of static loading tests to steel pipe piles with large diameters in Chinese offshore wind farms[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2019, 186(5): 106041. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029801818321218
[26]	XU Tian-yu, ZHOU Zhi-jun, YAN Rui-peng, et al. Real-time monitoring method for layered compaction quality of loess subgrade based on hydraulic compactor reinforcement[J]. Sensors, 2020, 20(15): 4288. doi: 10.3390/s20154288
[27]	WAN Zhi-hui, DAI Guo-liang, GONG Wei-ming. Field study on post-grouting effects of cast-in-place bored piles in extra-thick fine sand layers[J]. Acta Geotechnica, 2018, 14(5): 1357-1377. doi: 10.1007/s11440-018-0741-7
[28]	XING Hao-feng, WU Jin, LUO Yong. Field tests of large-diameter rock-socketed bored piles based on the self-balanced method and their resulting load bearing characteristics[J]. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2017, 23(12): 1535-1549. doi: 10.1080/19648189.2017.1359111?scroll=top&needAccess=true
[29]	徐艺飞, 万志辉, 戴国亮, 等. 桩端后压浆灌注桩长期承载性能试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2021, 42(4): 139-146. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZJB202104016.htm XU Yi-fei, WAN Zhi-hui, DAI Guo-liang, et al. Experimental study on long-term bearing behaviors of base post-grouting bored piles[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2021, 42(4): 139-146. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZJB202104016.htm
[30]	XU Mei-juan, NI Peng-peng, MEI Guo-xiong, et al. Load-settlement behaviour of bored piles with loose sediments at the pile tip: experimental, numerical and analytical study[J]. Computer and Geotechnics, 2018, 102(4): 92-101. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266352X18301563
[31]	XU Xu, WANG Xue-ming, CAI Chen-yu, et al. Improved calculation method of super-long pile in deep soft soil area[J]. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2018, 18(10): 04018117. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001223