Overview of Impact Models in Accident Reconstruction
-
Abstract: The background and currents of traffic accident reconstruction in the world and popular impact models are presented in details. An outlook of the far reaching development is also put forward.
-
Key words:
- simulation and analysis /
- accident reconstruction /
- impact models
-
表 1 用碰撞模型估计的ΔV与RICSAC试验数据的比较
(foot/s) RICSAC碰撞试验 试验数据 力矩回弹模型 IMPAC模型 CRASH 汽车1 汽车2 汽车1 汽车2 汽车1 汽车2 汽车1 汽车2 1 18.49 22.84 15.11 22.65 16.73 24.96 27.13 40.63 3 13.94 23.17 14.13 22.41 11.9 18.62 4.55 7.19 9 31.93 12.06 28.5 13.12 21.62 9.94 28.01 12.91 10 52.05 19.09 45.79 22.37 29.48 14.41 32.85 15.99 -
[1] MARTINEZ JED. Computer aided automobile acci-dent reconstruction- theory, graphics, anim ation[J]. SAE Paper, No. 850250, 1985. [2] MCHENRY B G, MCHENRY R R. CRASH97- refin-ement of the trajectory solution procedure[J]. SAEPaper, No. 970949, 1997. [3] CHENG P H, SENS M J, WIECHEL JF, GU ENTH-ER D A. An overview of the evolution of com puterassisted m otor vehicle accident reconstruction[J]. SAEPaper, No. 871991, 1987. [4] NYSTROM G A, KOST G, WERNE S M. Stiffnessparam eters for vehicle collision analysis[J]. SAEPaper, No. 910119, 1991. [5] CAMPBEL L. Energy basis ofcollision severity[J]. SAE Paper, No. 740565, 1974. [6] DAY T D, HARGENS R L. An overview of the wayEDCRASH computes delta-V[J]. SAE Paper, No. 870045, 1987. [7] STROTHER C E, WOOL L EY R L, et al. Crush ene-rgy in accident reconstruction[J]. SAE Paper, No. 860371, 1986. [8] ROBINETTE R D, FAY R J, et al. Delta-V: basic co-ncepts, computational methods, and m isunderstandi-ngs[J]. SAE Paper, No. 940915, 1994. [9] MCHENRY R R, MCHENRY B G. A revised damageanalysis procedure for theCRASH computer program[J]. SAE Paper, No. 861894, 1986. [10] BRACH R M. A review of impact models for vehiclecollision[J]. SAE Paper, No. 870048, 1987. [11] WOOL L EY R L, WARNER C Y, TAGG M D. Inac-curacies in theCRASH3 program[J]. SAE Paper, No. 850255, 1985. [12] SMITH R A, NOGA JT. Accuracy and sensitivity ofCRASH[J]. SAE Paper, No. 821169, 1982. [13] MCHENRY B G, MCHENRY R R. SMAC87[J]. SAE Paper, No. 880227, 1988. [14] BRACH R M. Energy loss in vehicle collisions[J]. SAE Paper, No. 871993, 1987. [15] FONDA A G. Energy and major diversion in accident reconstruction[J]. SAE Paper, No. 960888, 1996. [16] FONDA A G. CRASH Extended for desk and handh-eld com puters[J]. SAE Paper, No. 870044, 1987. [17] STRUBL E D E. GeneralizingCRASH3 for reconst-ructing specific accidents[J]. SAE Paper, No. 870041, 1987. [18] MCHENRY B G, MCHENRY R R. SMAC97-refinement of the collision algorithm[J]. SAE Paper, No. 970947, 1997. [19] ISHIKAWA H. Impact m odel for accident recons-truction- norm al and tangential restitution coefficients[J]. SAE Paper, No. 930654, 1993. [20] ISHIKAWA H. Impact center and restitution coeffi-cients for accident reconstruction[J]. SAE Paper, No. 940564, 1994. [21] WOOL L EY R L. The"IMPAC"computer programfor accident reconstruction[J]. SAE Paper, No. 850254, 1985. [22] BRACH R M. Friction restitution and energy loss inplanar collisions[J]. Journal ofAppliedMechanics, Trans. ofASME, March, 1984. [23] BRACH R M. An impact coefficient for vehicle col-lision analysis[J]. SAE Paper, No. 770014, 1977. [24] CL IFF W E, MONTGOMERY D T. Validation ofPC-CRASH-A momentum- based accident reconstru-ction program[J]. SAE Paper, No. 960885, 1996.