Abstract: The ventilation of a long highway tunnel is one of the concerns of highway builders.This ventilation process is also the movement of the pollutants in the wind.The latter mainly includes the forms of molecular diffusion, convective movement, turbulent current diffusion and attenuating transformation.By the law of conservation of quality, the diffusion equations of pollutant movement and pollutant turbulence can be followed.These diffusion equations, wind flow equation, boundary conditions and primary conditions contribute to the convection of the mixture of pollutants and air, the equation of diffusive mathematics mechanics.Finally, the one dimensional theory under the regularly given conditions is analyzed and the practical example is calculated, the results show that the simulating calculation of the pollutant movement in the wind in a long highway tunnel only needs the consideration of convection movement and turbulent current diffusion.