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摘要: 通过发动机台架模拟, 控制吸入气缸一定废气量而营造隧道污染环境, 进行柴油车在实际道路坡度运行时动态烟雾排放测试, 以及在实际隧道环境下, 柴油车坡度运行时动态烟雾排放测试, 获得在不同坡度环境下柴油车烟雾排放的道路实测数据。结果分析表明, 随着道路坡度的增加, 柴油车烟雾排放量急剧上升, 而在相同坡度下, 车速越高烟雾排放量越大, 且隧道内坡度每增加1 %, 柴油车烟雾排放量大约增加70 %~ 1 2 0 %。Abstract: A engine bench test is carried out by means of exhaust gas recirculation, and a certain proportion of exhaust gas is mixed with inlet air to monitor the effect of the environment in the highway tunnel on smoke emission. The effect of road gradient on the smoke emission is modified. A road test is achieved at different gradient. The test results show that the smoke emission increases remarkably with the increasing of road gradient and vehicle speed, the smoke emission increases 70%~120% when gradient degree in highway tunnel raises 1%.
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Key words:
- diesel vehicle /
- road gradient in highway tunnel /
- smoke emission
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图 1 三档时坡度对烟雾排放的影响
Figure 1. Effect of road gradient on smoke emission at third transmission shift
图 2 四档时坡度对烟雾排放的影响
Figure 2. Effect of road gradient on smoke emission at fourth transmission shift
图 3 五档时坡度对烟雾排放的影响
Figure 3. Effect of road gradient on smoke emission at fifth transmission shift
表 1 发动机转速、档位、车速之间的关系
Table 1. Relationship among engine speed, transmission shift and vehicle speed
发动机转速/r·min-1 车速/km·h-1 三档 四档 五档 1400 25 50 1550 40 1700 30 60 1950 35 50 70 2250 40 80 
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[1] JTJ 26. 1-1999, 公路隧道通风照明设计规范[S]. 2000. [2] 蒋德明. 内燃机燃烧与排放学[M]. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社, 2001. -
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