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摘要: 匝道间距是路线设计中的重要内容, 对交通流有决定性的影响。根据城市快速匝道的特点, 应用驾驶员行为理论, 模拟了驾驶员城市快速匝道上的驾驶行为。认为匝道间距是影响城市快速路主线运行状况的关键因素。为了合理确定匝道最小间距, 必须确定匝道组合模式和计算匝道加减速车道长度, 并计算出车流从匝道汇入主线后, 由于车流变道而形成交织车流长度。由此建立了不同匝道组合模式下的匝道最小间距模型。应用实例表明, 当匝道间距不能满足最小间距时, 车速降低, 服务水平下降。Abstract: The distance of ramps is the key for designning road route, it has a big effect on the mainline traffic flow of urban expressway. According to the ramps features of urban expressway, the driving at the ramps of urban expressway was simulated with drivers behavior theory. In order to determine the minimum distance of ramps the lane lengthes for acceleration and deceleration were calculated under different ramp structures, and the calculating formulas were given. The model for determining the minimum distance of ramps was developed. An example shows that when the distance of ramps is less than the minimum distance, the vehicle's speed will be cut down, the service level of ramps will be reduced.
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Key words:
- traffic planning /
- ramp distance /
- driving behavior analysis /
- ramp combination mode /
- lane change
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表 1 匝道最小间距
Table 1. Minimum ramp distances
匝道组合模式 最小间距 模式Ⅰ La+max(Lw, Ls)+Ld 模式Ⅱ La+max(Lw, Ls)+La 模式Ⅲ Ls+La 模式Ⅳ Ls+Ld 表 2 过渡段长度规定值
Table 2. Length of transition section
主线设计车速vm/(km·h-1) 120 80 60 50 40 过渡段长度Lc/m 80 60 50 45 35 表 3 交织段服务水平
Table 3. Service levels of weaving section
服务水平 密度K/[pcu·(km·lane)-1] A ≤8 B 8~15 C 15~21 D 21~27 E 27~33 F > 33 表 4 交通调查结果
Table 4. Result of traffic investigation
调查项目 快速路主线 上匝道Qr, on 下匝道Qr, off 车道1 车道3 交通量/(pcu·h-1) 1163 1422 1965 1273 平均车速/(km·h-1) 35 47 — — -
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