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摘要: 考虑了风速对巡航马赫数的影响, 研究了最小成本巡航马赫数和基于最小飞行成本的高度能力计算方法, 分析了质量、温度与质心位置对高度能力的影响程度。结果表明质量对高度能力影响较大, 温度只影响推力限制高度, 质心位置只影响过载限制高度。高度计算结果与波音INFLT软件计算结果相比, 在无风条件下误差不超过1%, 该方法可行。Abstract: Based on considing wind speed effect on cruise Mach number, the computational methods of cruise Mach number and altitude capability were proposed, the minimum flight cost was their objective function, and the effective extents of wind speed, mass, temperature on altitude capability were analysed. Analysis results show that the effective extent of mass on altitude capability is great, the effective extent of wind speed on thrust-limited altitude is great, the effective extent of certrobaric location on maneuvering capability limited altitude is great. The maximum error is less than 1% between the computational results by the methods and the computational results by INFLT software without wind, the methods are feasible.
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Key words:
- flight dynamics /
- economic cruise /
- cost index /
- optimum altitude
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表 1 INFLT高度能力计算结果
Table 1. Altitude capability calculated by INFLT
/m 巡航质量/kg 最佳高度 推力限制高度 过载限制高度(法向过载系数为g) 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 100 000 12 795 13 000 13 000 13 000 13 000 12 887 110 000 12 216 13 000 13 000 13 000 12 777 12 356 120 000 11 689 13 000 13 000 12 731 12 286 11 869 130 000 11 216 12 640 12 737 12 262 11 820 11 411 140 000 10 823 12 195 12 203 11 826 11 384 10 975 
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表 2 自编程序高度能力计算结果
Table 2. Altitude capability calculated by FORTRAN90
/m 巡航质量/kg 最佳高度 推力限制高度 过载限制高度(法向过载系数为g) 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 100 000 12 862 13 000 13 000 13 000 13 000 12 913 110 000 12 265 13 000 13 000 13 000 12 786 12 381 120 000 11 724 13 000 13 000 12 742 12 298 11 880 130 000 11 201 12 613 12 678 12 282 11 845 11 416 140 000 10 758 12 206 12 292 11 855 11 399 10 993
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表 3 温度对推力限制高度的影响
Table 3. Temperature effect on thrust-limited altitude
/m 大气温度 质量/kg 105 000 115 000 125 000 135 000 145 000 155 000 ISA-20 13 000 13 000 12 641 12 202 11 792 11 436 ISA 13 000 13 000 12 641 12 202 11 819 11 436 ISA10 13 000 13 000 12 641 12 230 11 919 11 436 ISA15 13 000 12 945 12 476 12 065 11 655 11 271 ISA20 13 000 12 777 12 312 11 874 11 490 11 107
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表 4 质心对过载限制高度的影响
Table 4. Certrobaric location effect on maneuvering capability limited altitude /m
质心位置/% 质量/kg 105 000 115 000 125 000 135 000 145 000 16.0 13 000 13 000 12 455 11 840 11 436 20.0 13 000 13 000 12 531 11 913 11 531 23.0 13 000 13 000 12 588 11 968 11 586 27.0 13 000 13 000 12 659 12 042 11 658 30.0 13 000 13 000 12 714 12 125 11 742
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