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摘要: 为了研究黄土湿陷性对桥梁桩基承载力的影响, 基于弹性理论, 建立了黄土湿陷性影响下桥梁桩基承载力的力学模型, 推导了湿陷性黄土中桥梁桩基承载力的计算公式, 利用编制的计算程序, 分析了不同湿陷系数、不同湿陷厚度下黄土区域桩基承载力的变化性状。公式计算结果与现场实测结果对比分析表明, 其相对误差最小为5.2%, 最大为6.7%, 表明本文公式具有较好的实用性。Abstract: Based on elastic theory, a mechanics model of pile foundation bearing capacity was established, its calculating formula in collapsible loess was deduced, its changing characteristics for different collapsibility coefficients and different collapsibility thicknesses were analyzed.The comparison of calculation result and measuring result show that its minimum relative error is 5.2%, its maximum relative error is 6.7%, which indicate the model is feasible, the formula is practical.
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图 1 桩的负摩阻力及中性点位置
Figure 1. Negative friction force of pile and location of neutral point
表 1 桩端荷载对比
Table 1. Comparison of pile end load
P/kN 800 1 600 2 400 3 200 4 000 4 800 5 600 6 400 7 200 8 000 8 800 Pb/kN 试验值 0.100 26.8 72.5 105.7 160.6 267.6 401.4 535.3 588.6 802.6 1 415.9 计算值 0.095 28.6 76.9 111.8 168.5 283.7 422.3 570.6 621.6 853.2 1 499.4 绝对误差 0.005 1.8 4.4 6.1 7.9 16.1 20.9 35.3 33.0 50.6 83.5 相对误差/% 5.0 6.7 6.1 5.8 4.9 6.0 5.2 6.6 5.6 6.3 5.9 说明: P为桩顶荷载, Pb为桩端阻力。 
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