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摘要: 在分析既有环境噪声评价方法的基础上, 根据交通噪声非稳态性的特点, 提出了交通噪声综合影响指数的概念。基于概率论和交通流理论, 考虑到影响道路交通噪声的主要因素是车流量、车型和车流速度等, 建立了用交通噪声综合影响指数来评价道路交通噪声的预测理论模型。以某城市道路交通噪声在一天内24 h的A声级变化为实例, 计算了其交通噪声综合影响指数为79.7dB。计算结果表明, 可以用交通噪声综合影响指数合理地评价道路交通噪声污染对人体健康和社会经济发展的影响。Abstract: Based on the old evaluating methods of road traffic noise, the traffic noise integrated impact index was proposed, the unsteady characteristic of road traffic noise was considered.Using probability and traffic flow theory, a theoretical model of road traffic noise prediction was developed, the effect factors of traffic flow, vehicle types and traffic velocities were taked into account.According to the road traffic noise change of sound level A in a city with in 24 h, the calculation value of traffic noise integrated impact index is 79.7 dB.The result indicates that it is feasible to use the traffic noise integrated impact index to evaluate the harm of road traffic noise to people's health and social economy.
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表 1 某城市道路交通噪声声级水平
Table 1. Noise levels of road traffic noise in a city
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00 LA 54 52 48 51 55 65 71 75 73 73 71 74 74 71 70 72 74 73 71 65 63 60 55 54 
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