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摘要: 为了优化城市列车牵引计算与运行模拟系统的单质点简化模型, 提高计算准确性, 在快速牵引策略模型的基础上, 构造了城市轨道交通列车牵引计算与仿真的多质点优化模型。将列车模型构造为由多个质点构成的质点链, 考虑了列车长度在附加阻力计算中的影响; 通过工况转换的优化, 合理选择惰行起点以及控制速度波动幅度; 提高中间过程计算精度, 运用反向递推试凑法寻找进站制动起点。多质点模型与单质点模型的计算结果对比表明, 技术速度提高了5%~20%, 总能耗降低了5%~20%, 进站制动初速度降低了5%~25%, 该模型可行。Abstract: In order to optimize the single-particle model of urban mass transit traction calculation system and make traction calculation result more accurate, the optimized multi-particle simulation model was built up. Train was regarded as a dynamic chain made of multiple particles so that every car could be analyzed, train length influence on its adjunctive resistance was considered. Optimization shifting gears, rational selection freewheeling position and control the range of velocity fluctuation were adopted to improve the model calculation veracity, train braking position was searched through reverse recursion method. The computation results of the optimized traction calculation model and single-particle model show that the average velocity is raised by 5%~20%, the start velocity is decreased by 5%~25% in pulling into station process, the energy consumption is decreased by 5%~20%, the model is feasible.
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表 1 线路数据
Table 1. Lines data
开始位置/m 0 550 724 780 947 1 050 1 290 1 588 1 650 1 755 1 781 1 900 坡段长度/m 550 174 56 167 103 240 298 62 105 26 119 53 坡度/‰ 20.00 -6.80 -6.80 -3.00 -3.00 9.22 3.00 3.00 -3.00 -3.00 -3.00 -23.40 曲线半径/m 直线 直线 500 500 500 直线 直线 400 400 直线 400 400 限速/(km·h-1) 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 开始位置/m 1 953 2 100 2 263 2 300 2 580 2 950 3 199 3 400 3 499 3 530 3 600 3 670 坡段长度/m 147 163 37 280 370 249 201 99 30 70 70 213 坡度/‰ -23.40 -23.40 -23.40 30.00 3.00 -5.75 -5.75 30.00 30.00 30.00 -3.00 -3.00 曲线半径/m 400 400 直线 直线 直线 直线 350 350 直线 350 350 直线 限速/(km·h-1) 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 开始位置/m 3 883 3 900 4 133 4 137 4 200 4 340 4 500 4 800 4 855 4 916 5 100 5 315 坡段长度/m 17 233 4 63 140 160 300 55 61 184 215 — 坡度/‰ -3.00 -8.00 -8.00 -5.00 -5.00 10.00 10.85 10.85 10.85 10.85 10.85 — 曲线半径/m 350 350 350 1 000 1 000 直线 直线 直线 2 000 直线 直线 — 限速/(km·h-1) 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 — 
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表 2 车站数据
Table 2. Stations data
车站名称 中心位置/m 停站时间/s a 400.0 1 b 1 394.0 1 c 2 827.0 1 d 3 750.5 1 e 5 222.0 1 注 表 2所示的停站时间并非模拟停站时间, 而是以1表示停站, 0表示不停站。
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