强横风环境下棚车侧壁外形气动性能

田红旗; 苗秀娟; 高广军

强横风环境下棚车侧壁外形气动性能

中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室，湖南长沙 4l0075

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 50575227

详细信息

作者简介:
田红旗(1959-)，女，河南鲁山人，中南大学教授，工学博士，从事列车空气动力学研究

中图分类号: U270.11
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2006-01-10
- 刊出日期: 2006-09-25

Aerodynamic performance of sidewall shape of boxcar under strong crosswind

Key Laboratory for Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410075, Hunan, China

More Information

Author Bio:
Tian Hong-qi(1959-), female, PhD, professor, 86-731-2655390, thq@mail.csdu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 强横风引起的气动横向力和气动升力是造成列车被吹翻事故的主要原因。空棚车由于其侧壁迎风面积大且质量轻, 很容易在强横风作用下发生倾覆事故。采用流场数值计算方法, 对垂直侧壁、弧形侧壁和外折形侧壁3种棚车外形方案, 研究了横风作用下的棚车空气动力特性: 气动横向力、升力和气动倾覆力矩。研究结果表明: 车体受到的气动倾覆力矩主要是由气动横向力产生的; 弧形侧壁和折形侧壁可以有效地改善车辆横向气动性能, 降低车辆的气动倾覆力矩, 提高车辆的稳定性; 与垂直侧壁棚车相比, 当车体宽度为3.2 m时, 弧形侧壁和外折形侧壁棚车的气动倾覆力矩均可以下降21%左右, 空载棚车倾覆临界风速可以提高2.7 m²·s^-1。
- 车辆工程 /
- 棚车 /
- 空气动力学 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 强横风 /
- 外形
Abstract: The transverse force and air lift force caused by strong crosswind are the main factors of train overturning, unloaded boxcar can easily be overturned by strong crosswind because of its large sidewall area and underweight.So flow field numerical computation was completed in order to look for an optimum project of sidewall shape among the upright sidewall, bulgy-arc sidewall and bulgy-slope sidewall, the aerodynamic performance of boxcar suffering from crosswind was studied, such as the transverse air force, air lift force and overturning moment.The result shows the bulgy-arc sidewall and bulgy-slope sidewall can reduce the overturning moment effectively and improve train's stability under strong crosswind to greater extent than the upright sidewall, when the width of boxcar is 3.2 m, boxcar sidewall with bulgy-arc and bulgy-slope compared with upright, its coefficient of overturning moment decreases to about 21% and the critical wind speed increases to 2.7 m²·s^-1 for unloaded boxcar.
- vehicle engineering /
- boxcar /
- aerodynamics /
- numerical simulation /
- crosswind /
- shape

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图 1 方案1模型

Figure 1. Model of first project

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图 2 方案2模型

Figure 2. Model of second project

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图 3 侧壁压力云图

Figure 3. Sidewall pressure nephograms

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图 4 侧壁流线

Figure 4. Sidewall flow line figures

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表 1 弧形侧壁气动力系数

Table 1. Aerodynamic coefficients of bulgy-arc sidewall

工况	1	2	3	4	5
车体宽度/m	2.820	2.915	3.010	3.105	3.200
气动横向力系数	1.92	1.76	1.58	1.55	1.47
气动升力系数	0.08	0.10	0.23	0.28	0.40
气动倾覆力矩系数	0.80	0.74	0.68	0.67	0.66

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表 2 折形侧壁气动力系数

Table 2. Aerodynamic coefficients of slope sidewall

工况	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
侧壁最大宽度部位的高度/m	0.47	0.67	0.77	0.87	0.97	1.07	1.27	1.47
气动横向力系数	1.55	1.53	1.51	1.52	1.55	1.55	1.55	1.58
气动升力系数	0.23	0.34	0.33	0.37	0.34	0.35	0.38	0.31
气动倾覆力矩系数	0.69	0.68	0.66	0.68	0.69	0.69	0.69	0.69

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参考文献(8)

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