Influence of mix-designed parameters on frost thaw resistance of high performance concrete
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摘要: 为考察不同配合比设计参数对高性能混凝土抗冻性敏感特性的影响规律和显著性关系, 利用正交试验方法, 选取水胶比、粉煤灰掺量和砂率作为考察因素, 计算300次冻融循环后混凝土试件的抗折强度损失率和质量损失率, 并进行极差和方差分析。研究结果表明: 水胶比对高性能混凝土抗冻性有显著的影响, 而粉煤灰掺量和砂率均无显著影响; 冻融循环试验后的质量损失率不能准确地描述混凝土的抗冻性, 而抗折强度对冻融循环试验比较敏感, 建议采用抗折强度损失率作为高性能混凝土抗冻性的评价指标。Abstract: Taking water to binder ratio, fly ash percentage and sand ratio as mix-designed parameters, the influences of the parameters on the frost thaw resistance of high performance concrete (HPC) were studied with orthogonal experiments, the loss rates of bending strength and quality were calculated after 300 cycles of rapid freeze-thaw test, and their maximum difference binder ratio and variance were evaluated.The result shows that water to binder ratio has great influence on the frost thaw resistance of HPC, while fly ash percentage and sand ratio have little influence on the frost thaw resistance; the loss rate of bending strength is more sensible to freeze-thaw test than the loss rate of quality, so it should be used as the evaluation index of HPC.
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表 1 水泥化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of cement
化学成分 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO f-CaO 碱含量 不溶物 含量/% 21.68 5.34 3.47 64.98 1.17 0.58 1.04 0.07 
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表 2 粉煤灰化学成分
Table 2. Chemical composition of fly ash
化学成分 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 K2O Na2O 含量/% 59.34 20.06 9.70 4.18 2.07 0.79 2.17 0.71
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表 3 因素水平
Table 3. Factor levels
水平 因素 水胶比 粉煤灰掺量/% 砂率/% A B C 1 0.344 0 38 2 0.310 20 36 3 0.282 30 34
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表 4 试验配合比及试验结果
Table 4. Mix proportions and test results
编号 1 m3混凝土材料用量/kg 工作性 抗压强度/MPa 水泥 粉煤灰 水 水胶比 砂 石子 高效减水剂 坍落度/mm 扩展度/mm 7 d 28 d 56 d 1 450 0 155 0.344 701 1 144 6.75 145 300 58.9 68.2 76.1 2 360 90 155 0.344 664 1 181 6.75 215 530 43.0 58.0 62.3 3 315 135 155 0.344 627 1 217 6.75 220 530 43.8 61.0 63.4 4 500 0 155 0.310 646 1 148 7.50 75 — 64.8 68.6 82.6 5 400 100 155 0.310 610 1 184 7.50 225 530 54.8 67.3 77.9 6 350 150 155 0.310 682 1 113 7.50 230 560 55.9 72.4 85.6 7 550 0 155 0.282 593 1 151 8.25 30 — 67.0 71.0 65.8 8 440 110 155 0.282 663 1 082 8.25 245 555 51.9 74.4 74.5 9 385 165 155 0.282 628 1 117 8.25 240 580 43.2 66.8 70.0
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表 5 冻融试验结果
Table 5. Freeze-thaw test result
编号 抗折强度损失率/% 质量损失率/% 试件外观描述 1 27.56 1.65 一端有胀起现象, 伴有严重剥落, 内部石子裸露, 表面有裂纹 2 38.42 -0.13 表面完好, 仅有轻微掉皮 3 33.77 0.13 表面较平整, 有掉皮现象, 一端有轻微剥落 4 -15.63 0.19 表面较完好 5 -26.91 0.00 表面完好, 无不良现象 6 2.46 0.26 表面有轻微掉皮现象, 两端有剥落 7 100.00 — 试件从中部完全冻断, 整个试件松散 8 89.76 -0.10 中部有严重裂纹, 几乎贯穿试件, 且伴有隆起现象 9 57.52 0.03 表面较完整, 有掉皮, 一端轻微掉角
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表 6 极差分析结果
Table 6. Maximum difference analysis result
龄期 极差分析 考核因素 水胶比 粉煤灰掺量 砂率 56 d k1 33.25 37.31 39.93 k2 -13.36 33.76 26.77 k3 82.43 31.25 35.62 R 95.79 6.06 13.16
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表 7 方差分析结果
Table 7. Variance analysis result
龄期 方差来源 离差平方和 自由度 均方离差 F值 显著性 56 d 水胶比 13 765.922 2 6 882.961 11.911 F0.1 (2, 2) =9F0.05 (2, 2) =19F0.01 (2, 2) =99 粉煤灰掺量 55.633 2 27.817 0.048 砂率 269.968 2 134.984 0.234 误差 1 155.744 2 577.872 总和 15 247.267 8
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