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摘要: 分析了动态模拟技术, 包括实物模拟、计算机模拟和混合模拟, 在机车车辆研制过程中的重要作用, 给出了模拟技术和对象以及研究内容之间的相互关系。通过计算机模拟对机车车辆方案进行仿真分析来优化结构和悬挂参数, 用实物模拟或混合模拟研究零部件服役性能, 采用全尺寸试验台架对机车车辆样机进行运行模拟, 以确定其运行性能。给出了计算机模拟的步骤、实物模拟应遵循的相似原则和混合模拟的实施方法, 探讨了机车车辆台架试验方法和试验分类, 以及台架试验的应用情况, 介绍了牵引动力国家重点实验室研制的机车车辆整车滚动振动试验台和综合参数测定试验台的主要技术指标和功能。Abstract: The importance of dynamic simulation techniques including prototype simulation, computer simulation and hybrid simulation in the development of locomotive and rolling stock were analyzed, and the relationship among simulation techniques, simulation objects and study contents were put forward.Through the use of computer simulation for the object analysis of locomotive and rolling stock, the structures and suspension parameters could be optimized.Prototype simulation and hybrid simulation were adopted to investigate the operating behaviours of vehicle parts.Full size testbed was utilized to simulate and determine vehicle running behaviour.The procedures of computer simulation, the similarity laws of prototype simulation and the implementation measures of hybrid simulation were introduced.The methods and classifications of railway vehicle testbed tests were discussed, and the application of testbeds for railway vehicles was described.The main technical specifications and functions of the roller testbed and the parameters measuring plant developed by traction power state key laboratory were introduced.
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Key words:
- railway vehicle /
- dynamic simulation /
- roller testbed /
- suspension parameters /
- test
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图 1 机车车辆开发过程中的模拟研究
Figure 1. Simulation research in developing process of locomotive and rolling stock
图 2 机车车辆动态模拟研究关系
Figure 2. Dynamic simulation research relationship of locomotive and rolling stock
图 4 机车车辆六轴滚动振动试验台
Figure 4. Roll and vibration testbed of railway vehicle with six axles
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