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摘要: 为提高空中交通管制系统的整体监视精度, 在研究自动相关监视(automatic dependent surveillance简称ADS)信息与雷达监视信息构成和特征差异的基础上, 通过建立ADS目标与雷达目标之间的数据关联映射关系, 构造了一个将ADS数据与多雷达数据融合处理的过程模型, 提出了基于ADS报告周期调整ADS航迹与雷达航迹融合权重因子的可变周期更新算法。应用结果表明更新算法实现了两类信息的深度融合和对有效信息的综合利用, 既保证了当ADS报告更新率较高时ATC监视的整体精度, 又提高了ADS报告更新率较低时目标航迹的连续性, 降低雷达测量误差对系统监视精度的影响, 是一种用于空中交通管制系统监视数据处理的有效方法。Abstract: In order to improve the surveillance performance of air traffic control system, the differences in contents and characters between ADS data and radar data were analyzed, the data mapping relation of multiradar target and ADS target was established, a new data fusion process model of multiradar data and ADS data was put forward, and a variable period updating algorithm was applied to determine the power factors of radar and ADS tracks in data fusion based on the position reporting period change of ADS information.Applied result shows that the algorithm can enhance information fusion depth and valid information utilization, ensure the whole accuracy of ATC surveillance when ADS data has a high updating rate, keep the smooth of target tracks when ADS report rate decreases, and decrease the influence of radar errors on surveillance system.It is an effective method for processing surveillance data in air traffic control system.
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Key words:
- air traffic control /
- data fusion /
- ADS /
- updating algorithm
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表 1 信息差异
Table 1. Information difference
ADS目标 雷达目标 信息获取 主动报告由卫星定位获取的位置信息 无线电探测或询问/应答获取的位置信息 报告周期为1~600 s, 可变, 且不同目标可采用不同的报告周期 所有目标的获取周期固定, 且与天线的旋转周期(4~10 s)相同 信息内容 目标在WGS84坐标系中的经纬度 目标相对雷达站的方位距离 统一编排目标地址 动态分配的二次代码 导航不确定类型值 雷达航迹质量等级 预计下一航路点的位置和到达时间 只有目标当前的探测信息, 没有计划信息 飞行姿态信息, 如转弯、爬升状态等 无目标主动报告的姿态信息 表 2 周期分段
Table 2. Period segments
完好性 周期/s 融合方式 可用 < 5 单选ADS数据 5~30 将ADS航迹和雷达航迹加权综合 > 30 ADS数据只用于雷达测量误差的判别和配准, 不参加综合 不可用 丢弃ADS数据, 仅做多雷达数据的融合 -
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