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摘要: 为了研究不同类型沥青胶浆对沥青混合料路用性能影响, 应用沥青胶浆针入度、锥入度、网篮析出、粘附性、动态剪切、弯曲梁流变等试验方法, 研究了沥青胶浆组成、温度及不同比例对沥青混合料性能影响, 分析了沥青胶浆的作用机理。分析结果表明: 纤维能够增大集料表面沥青膜的厚度, 增强沥青胶浆的粘滞性, 提高沥青胶浆的耐老化性和水稳定性, 从而提高沥青路面的耐久性和抗裂性能; 纤维能够减少纤维沥青胶浆针入度, 提高软化点, 增强沥青胶浆的弹性恢复性能。Abstract: In order to study the road properties of different asphalt mastics, some systematic tests on penetration, cone penetration, basket drainage, adhesion quality, dynamic shear, bending beam rheometer were done, the influences of the constituters, temperature and proportion of asphalt mastic on the road properties of asphalt mixture were analyzed, and the strengthening mechanism of asphalt mastic was studied. Analysis result indicates that fiber can thicken asphalt membrane on aggregate surface, improve the viscosity, aging resistance and water stability of asphalt mastic, so that the durability and rupture resistance of asphalt mixture are improved; fiber can decrease the penetration of asphalt mastic, advance its softening point, and reinforce its elasticity comeback capacity.
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Key words:
- pavement engineering /
- asphalt mastic /
- road performance /
- evaluation method
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表 1 沥青性能指标
Table 1. Asphalt property indices
25 ℃针入度/0.1mm 软化点/℃ 15 ℃延度/cm 25 ℃密度/(g·cm-3) 含蜡量/% 薄膜加热试验(163 ℃, 5 h) T1.2/℃ T800/℃ 质量损失/% 针入度比/% 25 ℃延度/cm 89 46.8 > 100 1.019 4 1.9 0.002 61.8 > 100 -18.4 48.6 
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表 2 纤维耐热性试验
Table 2. Fiber heat-resisted test
纤维类型 测试方法 测试项目 颜色 形状 观察结论 木质素纤维 163 ℃5 h 灰色稍变浅 松散体积减小 高温后易折断 矿物纤维 无明显变化 无明显变化 没发现不同 Bonifibers 无明显变化 无明显变化 没发现不同 Dolanit AS 黄白色变金黄 无明显变化 除颜色外没发现不同
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表 3 纤维吸湿性试验
Table 3. Fiber wet-absorbed test
纤维类型 干燥后质量/g 吸湿后质量/g 吸湿率/% 木质素纤维 10.003 0 12.152 3 21.49 矿物纤维 10.005 5 11.736 5 17.30 Bonifibers 10.012 1 10.923 1 9.10 Dolanit AS 10.001 9 10.834 6 8.33
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表 4 纤维吸油性试验
Table 4. Fiber oil-absorbed test
纤维类型 吸油率/(g·g-1) Bonifibers 5.7 Dolanit AS 6.6 木质素纤维 9.6 矿物纤维 5.2
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表 5 剪切强度试验结果
Table 5. Result of shear intensity test
MPa 类型 纤维质量: 沥青质量 温度/℃ 30 40 50 60 博尼纤维沥青胶浆 1:40 27.57 5.54 1.80 0.78 1:30 77.13 10.05 3.14 1.18 1:20 86.03 15.03 4.26 2.16 1:10 118.94 21.41 8.40 5.07 德尼纤维沥青胶浆 1:40 55.06 10.17 3.28 1.58 1:30 72.88 15.21 5.33 2.06 1:20 92.39 20.03 8.13 2.94 1:10 104.68 20.82 10.50 5.27 木质素纤维沥青胶浆 1:40 12.95 2.77 1.13 0.48 1:30 17.46 3.16 1.22 0.55 1:20 22.18 4.96 1.94 0.85 1:10 47.66 12.19 4.86 3.11
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表 6 软化点试验结果
Table 6. Result of softening point test
℃ 纤维质量: 沥青质量 博尼纤维沥青 德尼纤维沥青 木质素纤维沥青 矿物纤维沥青 纯沥青 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 1:40 62.1 69.2 57.8 50.1 1:30 66.8 80.4 59.9 52.0 1:20 98.4 91.5 76.5 56.0 1:10 105.5 99.0 99.5 61.5
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表 7 DSR试验结果
Table 7. Result of DSR test
类型 时间/s G*/kPa G*·[sin(δ)]-1/kPa δ/(°) 温度/℃ 纯沥青 386.5 0.412 0.412 89.6 82.0 木质素纤维沥青 388.4 2.460 2.620 69.5 81.9 博尼纤维沥青 382.8 0.945 0.945 81.9 81.9 德尼纤维沥青 384.6 0.952 0.961 82.2 82.0
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