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摘要: 为了缓解交通拥堵与提高路网运行效率, 建立了路径诱导信息的双层规划模型。上层模型描述信息发布者通过交通诱导信息发布手段优化路网层面的性能函数, 下层模型采用效用函数描述驾驶员最优路径选择行为, 其决策变量为交通信息类型, 从而将交通信息对于驾驶员路径选择行为的影响引入模型中。利用极点搜索算法对一个简单路网的双层规划模型进行算例分析, 得出了各种交通信息条件下上层目标函数值。虽然计算结果存在8%~13%的波动范围, 但交通拥堵时发布的拥堵消散信息是最优方案, 定性信息带来的总体效益要好于指示信息, 因此, 该模型可行。Abstract: In order to reduce traffic congestion and improve road network efficiency, a bi-level programming model of route traffic information guidance was set up.Managers' optimal function about road network efficiency was optimized by providing different types of information in its upper model, the optimal route choice behavior of driver was described by using utility function in its lower model, its decision-making variables were information types, so that the influence of traffic information on the route choice behavior of driver was introduced into the model.A simple road network was analyzed by using extreme point search method, and the upper function values were computed under different traffic informations.Computation result shows that the fluctuation range of the values is from 8% to 13%, but the congestion vanishing information promulgated from the model in traffic congestion is optimal, the total benefit from qualitative information is greater than that from indication information, so the model is feasible.
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Key words:
- traffic information /
- bi-level programming model /
- route guidance /
- route choice
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表 1 模拟结果分析
Table 1. Simulation result analysis
最小值 最大值 最大差值 比例/% 平均值 定性信息 18.412 20.798 2.386 11.472 19.415 拥挤消散 17.995 19.728 1.733 8.784 18.787 拥挤形成 18.196 20.582 2.386 11.593 19.512 指示信息 19.035 21.873 2.838 12.975 20.458 
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