两万吨组合列车制动特性

摘要: 为了减小重载列车纵向冲动, 提高列车制动特性的同步性, 利用基于空气流动理论的空气制动仿真系统, 计算了列车制动系统的制动管路和各缸室的瞬态气体状态, 获得制动系统动态特性, 预测了两万吨组合列车的紧急制动与常用制动特性, 分析了制动波的传递特性。计算结果表明: 两组合列车可以缩小最大制动时间差50%, 如果在两组合列车尾部配置机车, 最大制动时间差可以缩小75%, 四组合列车最大制动时间差可以缩小75%;紧急制动波速等速前后传递, 常用制动时向前传递的制动波波速要比向后传递的制动波波速小。可见, 组合列车是一种改善列车制动同步性的理想方式。
- 车辆工程 /
- 组合列车 /
- 制动特性 /
- 气体流动理论 /
- 纵向动力学
Abstract: In order to decrease the longitudinal impact of loaded train, and improve the synchronization property of its brake system, a pneumatic brake simulation system was put forward based on airflow theory, the momentary airflow state of train brake system was calculated to get its dynamic characteristics, the performances of service brake and emergency brake for 20000 ton loaded train were predicted, and the propagation performances of brake waves were analyzed.Simulation result shows that the maximum brake time delay of train with 2 sub-trains decreases by 50%, if locomotives are added to the ends of sub-trains, the delay decreases by 75%, and the delay of train with 4 sub-trains reduces by 75% too; emergency brake wave propagates forward and backward from locomotive at the same speed, service brake wave propagates forward at a slower speed than backward.Obviously, connected train has better brake synchronization property.
- vehicle engineering /
- connected train /
- brake performances /
- airflow theory /
- longitudinal dynamics

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图 1 制动系统

Figure 1. Brake system

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图 2 方案1制动曲线

Figure 2. Brake curves of project 1

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图 3 方案1制动缓解曲线

Figure 3. Releasing brake curves of project 1

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图 4 方案1全制动曲线

Figure 4. Full brake curves of project 1

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图 5 方案1制动波

Figure 5. Brake waves of project 1

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图 6 方案2制动缓解曲线

Figure 6. Releasing brake curves of project 2

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图 7 方案2制动波

Figure 7. Barke waves of project 2

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