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摘要: 为了提高直线电机轮轨交通车辆运行的安全性与乘坐舒适性, 分析了车轨结构特征, 建立了直线电机车辆/板式轨道横、垂向动力学模型。通过三角级数法得到轨道随机不平顺的时间序列, 以其作为系统激励, 分析了直线电机车辆与轨道的随机振动特性。把轨道不平顺描述为余弦函数, 研究了高低不平顺与方向不平顺的波长和幅值对系统动力响应的影响规律。计算结果表明: 磁轨气隙变化的频率主要集中在1.2~2.0Hz范围内, 波长小于10m的高低和方向不平顺对系统轮轨作用力、脱轨系数及轮重减载率等影响显著增大, 应予以重点控制。Abstract: In order to improve the safety and riding comfort of linear metro vehicle, the structural characteristics of vehicle/track system was analyzed, and a dynamics vertical-lateral vehicle/slab track coupling model was developed.The random vibration characteristics of vehicle and track excited by track random irregularities were investigated, in which the time domain samples of track random irregularities were simulated by using trigonometry series.Track vertical and alignment irregularities were expressed as harmonic cosine forms, and the effect rules of their wave amplitudes and wavelengthes on the dynamic responses of the system were studied.The result indicates that the frequency distributions of air gap variation are mainly in low frequency field, ranging from 1.2 to 2.0 Hz; when the wavelengthes of track vertical and alignment irregularities are shorter than 10 m, the affect of the irregularities on wheel/rail interacting force, derailment coefficient and the reduction rate of wheel load is dramatical, which should be controlled seriously.
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图 1 直线电机车辆-板式轨道动力学模型
Figure 1. Dynamics model of linear metro vehicle and slab track system
图 2 随机不平顺激励下系统动力响应
Figure 2. Dynamic responses of vehicle-track system under random irregularities
图 3 高低不平顺波长对系统动力响应的影响
Figure 3. Wavelength effect of track vertical profile irregularity on dynamic responses of vehicle-track system
图 4 高低不平顺幅值对系统动力响应的影响
Figure 4. Wave amplitude effect of track vertical profile irregularity on dynamic responses of vehicle-track system
图 5 方向不平顺波长对系统动力响应的影响
Figure 5. Wavelength effect of track alignment irregularity on dynamic responses of vehicle-track system
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