轮轨冲击对构架疲劳的影响

肖守讷; 李华丽; 阳光武; 邓锐

轮轨冲击对构架疲劳的影响

西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室, 四川成都 610031

基金项目:

国家自然科学杰出青年基金项目 50525518

国家863计划项目 2006AA04Z406

国家自然科学创新研究群体科学基金项目 50521503

国家973计划项目 2007cb714700

详细信息

作者简介:
肖守讷(1964-), 男, 江苏沛县人, 西南交通大学教授, 从事机车车辆可靠性研究

中图分类号: U260.331.8
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-12-25
- 刊出日期: 2008-06-25

Influence of wheel-rail impact on fatigue of bogie frame

Traction Power State Key Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

More Information

Author Bio:
Xiao Shou-ne(1964-), male, professor, +86-28-86466543, snxiao@swjtu.cn

摘要

摘要: 以三轴机车转向架构架为例, 建立其轮轨冲击的运动微分方程, 通过龙格-库塔积分法得到了轮轨冲击的载荷时间历程, 分析了轮轨动态冲击对构架疲劳寿命的影响。利用有限单元法建立了轮对、构架、车体的整体有限元模型, 采用瞬态动力学分析得到构架危险点的应力时间历程, 结合材料的S-N曲线以及疲劳损伤累积准则, 进行了构架的疲劳寿命计算, 得到轮轨低接头冲击下构架疲劳寿命。分析结果表明: 构架的应力响应并不与轮轨处的激励同时达到最大, 且在激励结束后有一较长的响应过程; 轮轨冲击对构架的疲劳影响较大, 尤其对轴箱弹簧座处的侧梁下盖板的寿命影响最为显著, 在25.0m轨长的错牙接头作用下, 其疲劳寿命为5.15×10⁶km。
- 车辆工程 /
- 构架疲劳 /
- 瞬态动力学分析 /
- 轮轨冲击
Abstract: In order to analyze the effect of wheel-rail impact on the fatigue life of bogie frame, a bogie frame of a three-axle locomotive was taken as an example, the differential equation of wheel-rail impact was established, and the load history of wheel-rail impact was obtained by using Runge-Kutta formula. A finite element model consisting of wheelsets, bogie frame and carbody was established by using finite element method, the stress histories of different dangerous points on the frame were derived by using transient dynamics analysis technology, the S-N relations of 16 Mn material and fatigue damage cumulative rule were analyzed, and the fatigue life of the frame was calculated under the impact of wheel-rail tie-in. Analysis result shows that the stress response of the frame is not accordant with wheel-rail impact force to achieve the maximum value, but there is a longer response process after impacting; the influence of wheel-rail impact on the fatigue of bogie frame is great, especially, on the cover board of side-girder near axle box spring block, and the fatigue life of the frame is 5.15×10⁶ km under its malocclusion joint for 25.0 m long track.
- vehicle engineering /
- frame fatigue /
- transient dynamics analysis /
- wheel-rail impact

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图 1 轮轨冲击半车模型

Figure 1. Wheel-rail impact model of half of locomotive car

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图 2 错牙接头处轮轨冲击模型

Figure 2. Wheel-rail impact model at malocclusion joint

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图 3 冲击力曲线

Figure 3. Curve of impact force

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图 4 车体、构架与轮对整体模型

Figure 4. Whole model of car body, bogie frame and wheelsets

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图 5 构架与轮对有限元模型

Figure 5. Finite element model of bogie frame and wheelsets

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图 6 危险点的位置

Figure 6. Positions of dangerous points

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图 7 节点27312的应力曲线

Figure 7. Stress curve of node 27312

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图 8 节点30582的应力曲线

Figure 8. Stress curve of node 30582

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图 9 16Mn S-N曲线

Figure 9. S-N curve of 16Mn

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图 10 构架局部损伤分布

Figure 10. Damage distribution of local frame

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表 1 机车和轨道的基本参数

Table 1. Basic parameters of locomotive and track

车辆		轨道
名称	数值	名称	数值
车体质量2M_c/kg	90 850	胶垫刚度K_p/(MN·m^-1)	120
构架质量M_f/kg	3 186	胶垫阻尼C_p/(kN·s·m^-1)	75
轮对质量M_w/kg	2 836	轨枕间距a/mm	545
一系刚度K_s1 /(MN·m^-1)	1.2	道床刚度K_b/(MN·m^-1)	78.4
一系阻尼C_s1 /(kN·s·m^-1)	78.5	道床阻尼C_b/(kN·s·m^-1)	58.8
二系刚度K_s2/(MN·m^-1)	15.0	错牙高度h/mm	5
二系阻尼C_s2/(kN·s·m^-1)	0	车轮半径R/mm	525

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表 2 疲劳寿命分析结果

Table 2. Analysis result of fatigue life

节点号	单元号	冲击次数	疲劳寿命/km
27312	36018	2.06×10⁸	5.15×10⁶
30582	43657	5.20×10¹⁴	1.30×10¹³

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参考文献(10)

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