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摘要: 为了提高道面混凝土的耐久性, 在室内对单丝聚丙烯、网状聚丙烯和聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土进行了抗渗性、抗冻性和耐磨性试验。抗渗性试验采用静水压力法和氯离子渗透法, 抗冻性试验采用快冻法, 耐磨性试验采用滚珠轴承法。试验结果表明: 当纤维体积率为0.10%时, 合成纤维混凝土的抗冻性和抗渗性比普通道面混凝土提高了40%~160%, 纤维混凝土的耐磨度比普通混凝土提高了23%~50%;合成纤维的体积率为0.15%~0.18%时, 混凝土的抗渗性与抗冻性最好。Abstract: In order to improve the durability of airport pavement concrete, the impermeabilities, frost resistances and abrasion resistances of three kinds of fiber(single polypropylene, reticular polypropylene and polyacrylonitrile) reinforced concretes were tested in laboratory. Hydrostatic pressure method and chloride penetration method were used in impermeability test, fast freeze-thaw method was used in frost resistance test, and ball bearing method was used in abrasion resistance test. Test result indicates that when the volume fraction of fiber is 0.10%, the levels of the impermeabilities and frost resistances for fiber reinforced concretes increase by 40%~160% compared with normal pavement concrete, their abrasion resistances increase by 23%~50%; when the fraction is within 0.15%~0.18%, their impermeabilities and frost resistances are best.
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Key words:
- airport pavement /
- synthetic fiber reinforced concrete /
- durability /
- impermeability
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表 1 纤维技术性能
Table 1. Technical performances of fibers
纤维材料 长度/mm 直径/μm 密度/(g·cm-3) 抗拉强度/MPa 弹性模量/GPa 极限伸长率/% 产地 单丝聚丙烯 19 18.0~65.0 0.91 > 340 > 3.5 > 15 宁波 网状聚丙烯 19 < 100.0±50.0 0.91 > 400 > 3.5 > 6 武汉 聚丙烯腈 12 12.7 1.18 500~600 7.0~9.0 20~26 深圳 
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表 2 混凝土强度
Table 2. Strengthes of concretes
MPa 混凝土类型 普通混凝土 单丝聚丙烯纤维混凝土 网状聚丙烯纤维混凝土 聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土 抗折强度 5.81 5.94 5.88 6.18 抗压强度 52.2 50.3 51.3 51.5
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表 3 混凝土抗渗性
Table 3. Impermeabilities of concretes
混凝土类型 普通混凝土 单丝聚丙烯纤维混凝土 网状聚丙烯纤维混凝土 聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土 Cl-渗透试验结果/C 2 400 1 643 1 705 1 425 静水压力试验结果 抗渗等级 P10 P20 P14 P24 渗水高度/mm 140 90 110 50 注: 渗水高度为静水压力为1.0 MPa时的观测值; 纤维的体积掺量为0.10%。
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表 4 冻融试验结果
Table 4. Freezing and thawing test result
混凝土类型 体积掺量/% 冻融次数 相对动弹性模量/% 质量损失/% 冻融次数 相对动弹性模量/% 质量损失/% 抗冻等级 普通混凝土 0.00 125 63.0 0.78 150 57.3 3.61 F125 单丝聚丙烯纤维混凝土 0.10 250 60.5 0.89 275 50.5 5.42 F250 0.12 300 68.2 4.91 325 51.7 5.70 F300 网状聚丙烯纤维混凝土 0.10 175 66.2 1.66 200 53.0 4.99 F175 0.12 175 60.1 1.87 200 50.2 5.02 F175 聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土 0.10 325 64.4 0.30 350 59.5 0.49 F325 0.12 325 66.0 0.30 350 59.0 0.30 F325
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表 5 混凝土耐磨性
Table 5. Abrasion resistances of concretes
混凝土类型 普通混凝土 单丝聚丙烯纤维混凝土 网状聚丙烯纤维混凝土 聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土 磨槽深度/mm 2.01 1.34 1.51 1.64 耐磨度/% 1.11 1.67 1.48 1.37
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表 6 纤维掺量对混凝土耐磨性的影响
Table 6. Effect of fiber contents on concrete abrasion resistance
纤维掺量/% 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.20 耐磨度/% 1.37 1.42 1.49 1.60
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