Simulation of semi-active and active controls for pantograph-catenary vertical vibrations
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摘要: 为了改善高速列车受电弓垂向动力学性能, 建立了受电弓非线性垂向动力学模型、弹性悬挂接触网垂向有限元动力学模型和车辆动力学模型。考虑弓网耦合振动和轨道激扰, 采用受电弓框架顶点或弓头的垂向位移和速度反馈, 将半主动控制减振器或主动控制作动器安装在受电弓基座和框架之间。应用数值仿真方法, 研究了受电弓接触网垂向耦合振动的半主动和主动控制, 并对其控制性能进行了比较。比较结果表明: 与无控制时相比, 在车速为250 km·h-1时, 弓网接触压力方差最小减小值为26.84%, 在车速为300 km·h-1时, 最小减小值为20.88%, 因此, 采用半主动和主动控制能明显减小弓网振动和接触压力的低频波动, 改善了受流质量, 且半主动控制系统结构简单, 易于实现, 在不动作时不会改变受电弓本身的动力学性能。Abstract: In order to improve the vertical dynamics performance of pantograph for high-speed train, the nonlinear vertical dynamics model of pantograph, the vertical finite element dynamics model of catenary and the dynamics model of vehicle were set up.Pantograph-catenary coupled vibration and track irregularity excitation were taken into account, the displacement and velocity of the top point of pantograph frame or pantograph head were taken as feedback control signals, and active control actuator or semi-active control damper was mounted between the base and the frame of pantograph.The numerical simulation method was used to study the semi-active and active controls of pantograph-catenary vertical coupled vibrations, and the control effects were compared.Comparing with passive system, the standard deviation of pantograph-catenary contact force decreases at least 26.84% when train speed is 250 km·h-1, and decreases at least 20.88% when train speed is 300 km·h-1.So pantograph-catenary vibrations and contact force fluctuation at low frequencies are reduced evidently by using semi-active and active controls, current collection quality is improved, semi-active control is simple and easy to realize, and it will not affect the original dynamics performance of pantograph even if the control is disabled.
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Key words:
- vehicle engineering /
- pantograph /
- catenary /
- semi-active control /
- active control /
- dynamics simulation
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图 3 半主动控制E点反馈Con对弓网振动的影响
Figure 3. Influence of semi-active control with feedback Con at point E on pantograph-catenary vibration
图 4 半主动控制弓头反馈Con对弓网振动的影响
Figure 4. Influence of semi-active control with feedback Con at head point on pantograph-catenary vibration
表 1 接触压力统计值
Table 1. Statistic values of contact forces
车速/(km·h-1) 控制方法 Con/(kN·s·m-1) 平均值/N 最大值/N 最小值/N 方差/N 250 无控制 83.7 224.7 0.0 38.0 半主动, 弓头反馈 2.0 76.1 200.0 2.2 25.5 5.0 72.8 189.3 2.0 24.6 半主动, E点反馈 2.0 73.9 203.5 2.2 26.0 5.0 68.1 192.6 2.0 25.1 主动 75.5 199.4 2.4 27.8 300 无控制 84.6 288.7 0.0 40.7 半主动, E点反馈 2.0 81.6 263.0 1.0 31.7 主动 75.9 249.6 0.6 32.2 
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