Optimization model of spare parts inventory for civil aircraft based on marginal utility
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摘要: 为了最大限度地发挥民机备件的保障作用, 使各种备件的库存水平最优, 在综合考虑备件的技术性、经济性与可获取性的基础上, 以备件缺货导致的民机平均维修等待时间为优化目标, 以总航材供应成本为约束条件, 建立了民机备件库存优化模型。在对备件单位成本的边际效用进行分析的基础上, 采用启发式算法对模型进行求解, 得到备件库存水平的优化方案。实例验证表明: 在给定供应成本约束条件下, 与仅依据各种备件保障率的计算结果相比, 实际维修等待时间缩短了11.5%, 库存备件资金降低了27.5%, 因此, 该模型是客观有效的, 可节约库存成本, 显著提高飞机的利用水平。Abstract: In order to maximize the guaranteed effect of spare parts for civil aircraft and optimize the inventory level of each item, an optimization model of the inventory was presented to optimize the mean maintenance latency time of aircraft, the provision cost of total spare parts was taken as the constraint of the model, and the technical characters, economic characters and provision parameters of spare parts were taken into account.A heuristic algorithm was given to solve the model based on the marginal utility analysis of spare part unit cost, so that the optimum project of the inventory was found.Compared with the result calculated by item approach, the mean latency time caused by the shortage of spare part is shortened by 11.5%, and spare part budget is reduced by 27.5%, so the model is validate and effective to economize inventory cost and improve the use level of aircraft.
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表 1 备件参数与优化结果
Table 1. Parameters of spare parts and optimization result
序号 ESS 修复期限/d Ui/FH Bi/‰ Li/d Wi/d Qi Zi Di/＄ s′i si 1 3 3 600 0 90 25 5 0 6 540.00 4 3 2 2 3 75 000 0 71 15 1 0 3 048.00 2 1 3 3 727 999 60 0 1 0 502.86 6 8 4 1 38 000 999 90 0 5 0 2 340.00 3 3 5 2 10 9 000 0 270 15 14 0 3 210.00 3 0 6 1 17 000 100 90 25 4 0 4 052.66 3 3 7 1 17 000 999 90 0 4 0 1 127.59 3 4 8 2 1 30 000 999 60 0 32 30 66.70 30 30 9 2 32 000 0 90 15 6 0 3 627.72 2 2 10 1 153 846 0 90 10 1 0 8 982.00 2 1 
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