Optimal structure parameters of interrupted type straight-road concrete barrier with given length concrete frusta
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摘要: 为获得定墩长间断式直道混凝土护栏的最佳尺寸参数, 应用正交试验设计方法, 以间断式直道混凝土护栏的5个截面参数为设计变量, 每个设计变量考虑了5个水平, 基于建立的汽车-护栏碰撞系统动力学模型及LS-DYNA软件, 对间断式直道混凝土护栏的25组不同截面参数组合进行了汽车碰撞仿真试验, 研究了25组截面参数组合对汽车碰撞过程的影响。仿真结果表明: 有2组参数组合的护栏同时满足轮胎完好, 护栏完整, 头部损伤指标小于1 000的碰撞要求, 因此, 只要设计参数合理, 定墩长间断式混凝土护栏具有较强的吸能能力与引导失控车辆返回正确行驶方向的导向能力, 具有良好的工程应用特性。Abstract: In order to obtain the optimal structure parameters of interrupted type straight-road concrete barrier with given length concrete frusta, the orthogonal experimental design method was used, 5 section parameters of the barrier were taken as design variables, each design variable had 5 levels, based on vehicle-barrier collision system dynamics model and LS-DYNA software, vehicle-barrier collision simulation test with 25 group section parameter combinations was carried, and the influence of section parameter combinations on vehicle collision was studied.Simulation result shows that the barriers with 2 group section parameter combinations meet the collision requests that tire and barrier are intact, the head injury criterion is less than 1 000, the barrier has a strong energy-absorption capacity, and can guide the vehicle out of control to the right direetion as long as its design parameters are reasonable, so it has good characteristics for engineering application.
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Key words:
- traffic safety /
- concrete barrier /
- structure parameter /
- collision test
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图 10 间断式混凝土护栏结构的完整性
Figure 10. Integrality of interrupted type concrete barrier structure
表 1 因素水平
Table 1. Levels of every factor
因素 水平 1 2 3 4 5 A/ (°) 15 20 25 30 35 B/cm 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 C/cm 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 D/cm 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 E/cm 50 75 100 125 150 
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表 2 试验结果
Table 2. Test result
试验号 因素 考核指标 备注 A/ (°) B/cm C/cm D/cm E/cm H β/ (°) ve/ (m·s-1) 1 15 4.5 15.0 5.5 50 61.75 5 8.8 200 ms时轮胎被刮, 护栏完整 2 15 5.0 17.5 6.0 75 71.83 6 9.5 600 ms时轮胎被刮, 护栏完整 3 15 5.5 20.0 6.5 100 32.76 8 9.5 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 4 15 6.0 22.5 7.0 125 39 150.00 1 5.5 850 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 5 15 6.5 25.0 7.5 150 15 780.00 0 4.4 850 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 6 20 4.5 17.5 6.5 125 1.738×1011 -21 1.2 400 ms时混凝土墩绊阻车辆, 车辆直接撞击混凝土墩, 护栏钢管变形严重 7 20 5.0 20.0 7.0 150 25 010.00 1 9.0 650 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 8 20 5.5 22.5 7.5 50 46 930.00 8 7.9 100 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 9 20 6.0 25.0 5.5 75 4 234.00 3 6.6 150 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 10 20 6.5 15.0 6.0 100 43 100.00 6 9.4 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 11 25 4.5 20.0 7.5 75 54 980.00 0 8.8 250 ms时轮胎被刮, 护栏完整 12 25 5.0 22.5 5.5 100 80 520.00 8 8.4 650 ms时轮胎被刮, 护栏完整 13 25 5.5 25.0 6.0 125 21 040.00 7 9.3 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 14 25 6.0 15.0 6.5 150 213.70 8 9.0 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 15 25 6.5 17.5 7.0 50 246.80 4 10.6 600 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 16 30 4.5 22.5 6.0 150 38 480.00 1 8.3 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 17 30 5.0 25.0 6.5 50 7 170.00 1 8.7 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 18 30 5.5 15.0 7.0 75 165.60 10 9.0 250 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 19 30 6.0 17.5 7.5 100 572.40 6 8.1 100 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 20 30 6.5 20.0 5.5 125 81.68 9 8.8 150 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 21 35 4.5 25.0 7.0 100 81 490.00 -3 9.1 100 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 22 35 5.0 15.0 7.5 125 4 934.00 14 8.0 150 ms时轮胎被刮直至脱落, 护栏完整 23 35 5.5 17.5 5.5 150 13 120.00 10 7.5 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 24 35 6.0 20.0 6.0 50 21 030.00 9 9.8 轮胎完好, 护栏完整 25 35 6.5 22.5 6.5 75 240.60 -33 1.6 450 ms时混凝土墩绊阻车辆, 车辆直接撞击混凝土墩, 护栏钢管变形严重
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表 3 设计变量各水平对应的H值的均值
Table 3. Mean of H for every level of design variable
水平 因素 A B C D E 1 11 019 347 600 350 9 695 19 603 15 088 2 347 600 238 23 541 347 600 028 24 744 11 938 3 31 400 16 258 20 227 347 600 015 41 143 4 9 294 13 040 41 064 29 212 347 600 130 5 24 163 11 890 25 943 24 639 18 521
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表 4 显著性检验
Table 4. Significance test
因素 偏差平方和 自由度 F比 F临界值 显著性 A 4.833 031 75 4 1.0 6.390 不显著 B 4.833 035 63 4 1.0 6.390 不显著 C 4.833 024 44 4 1.0 6.390 不显著 D 4.833 023 99 4 1.0 6.390 不显著 E 4.833 027 99 4 1.0 6.390 不显著 误差 4.833 031 63 4
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表 5 最优设计参数参考值
Table 5. Reference values of optimization design parameters
因素 A/ (°) B/cm C/cm D/cm E/cm 最优参考值 第1组 15 6.5 15 5.5 75 第2组 30
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表 6 最优结果
Table 6. Optimization result
因素 A/ (°) B/cm C/cm D/cm E/cm 最优结果 15 5.5 20 6.5 100
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