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摘要: 为了缓解公路建设用地需求与土地资源紧缺的矛盾, 分析了公路建设集约用地的概念与内涵, 研究了公路建设集约用地评价的性质、目的及指标选取原则, 提出了公路建设集约用地评价框架。分析结果表明: 评价框架指标选取的原则包括系统性、前瞻性、动态性、特殊性、可操作性与规范性, 评价框架设计的要求为公路用地系统整体可持续发展的高效率、公平性与协调性, 评价框架设计思路为公路建设用地结构合理化、用地功能最优化与用地综合效益最大化, 这样才能促进公路建设的可持续发展。Abstract: In order to relax the contradiction between the land requirement of highway construction and the lack of land resources, the conception and connotation of land intensive use for highway construction were analyzed, the nature, purpose and indices-selecting principles of land intensive use assessment were studied, and an assessment framework was put forward.Analysis result shows that the indices-selecting principles should include systematization, predictability, variability, particularity, manipulation and standardization, the design requirements of assessment framework are the high efficiency, justice and coordination of sustainable development for the whole land-using system of highway construction, the train of design thought is the structure rationalization, optimum function and best integrated effectiveness of land use for highway construction, which may improve the sustainable development of highway construction.
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Key words:
- traffic planning /
- highway construction /
- land intensive use /
- assessment framework /
- index system
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表 1 公路占地面积变化
Table 1. Area variation of land use for highway construction
年份 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 公路占地面积/104hm2 355.87 372.50 390.74 414.85 440.04 606.44 公路占地占国土面积比例/% 0.37 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.46 0.63 表 2 集约用地评价框架
Table 2. Assessment framework of land intensive use
目标层 准则层 要素层 指标层 公路建设集约用地综合指数 结构指数 公路占地结构指数 公路建设用地总量、公路建设用地占建设用地总量比例、公路建设用地占用耕地比例、公路建设用地占用基本农田比例与新增公路建设用地占用耕地量 公路网用地结构指数 公路单位当量里程占地面积、公路网综合技术等级与高速公路用地占公路建设用地比例 功能指数 优化指数 单位面积公路建设用地固定资产投资额、单位面积公路建设用地固定资产投资额增长率、立体化公路建设项目里程占总里程比例、农村人口人均基础路网用地与人均公路建设用地对比系数、土地利用率与临时用地复垦率 弹性指数 农业产值与公路建设用地增长弹性指数、二三产业产值与公路建设用地增长弹性指数、公路建设固定资产投资与公路建设用地增长弹性指数、人口与公路建设用地增长弹性指数、耕地面积变化与公路建设用地增长弹性指数 效益指数 经济效益指数 单位公路建设用地GDP、单位公路建设用地货运周转量、单位公路建设用地客运周转量与单位公路建设用地通行能力 社会效益指数 产业结构调整指数、促进资源开发增收率、沿线土地增值率、农村城镇化率、农业产业化发展指数、恩格尔系数、吉尼系数、沿线地区人均收入波动系数、失地农民人均收入波动系数、就业指数与土地法规 环境效益指数 水土流失指数、耕地细碎化度、生态破坏指数、土地肥力损失指数、噪音污染指数与绿化带面积比例 -
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