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摘要: 为了解决水润滑橡胶尾轴承静刚度选取时, 经验值与实际值相差较大的问题, 提出了一种基于唯象理论的水润滑橡胶尾轴承静刚度计算模型。应用线性回归法和有限元法对计算模型进行线性化处理, 求得静刚度模型参数, 并用方差分析法对尾轴承静刚度的影响因素进行显著性检验。通过试验对尾轴承静刚度计算模型的正确性和有效性进行验证, 提出了刚度修正系数。分析结果表明: 长径比对尾轴承静刚度的影响最显著, 弹性模量和比压次之, 橡胶厚度影响最小; 静刚度计算模型与参考文献中估算法和经验法相比, 静刚度最小与最大相对误差分别为0.41%和34.77%, 静刚度更接近橡胶尾轴承实际数值; 橡胶尾轴承静刚度随比压升高非线性增大, 最大达1.83×108 N·m-1。Abstract: In order to shorten the distence between the experience value and actual value of water-lubricated rubber stern tube bearing, a static stiffness calculation model was proposed by phenomenological theory. The calculation model was linearized to obtain the parameters by linear regression method and finite element method. Significance test for the influence factors of bearing static stiffness was carried out by difference method. Test method offered the stiffness correction coefficient, which verified the correctness and validity of the model. Analysis result shows that the most significant influence on static stiffness of stern tube bearing is length-diameter ratio, the second ones are modulus and pressure ratio, and the last one is rubber thickness. Compared the static stiffness model with the methods of estimation or experience in references, the minimum and maximum relative errors are 0.41% and 34.77% respectively, indicating a closer value to the real. With the increase of pressure ratio, the static stiffness increases nonlinearly, the maximum change value is 1.83×108 N·m-1.
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