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摘要: 建立了半挂汽车列车转弯制动的动力学模型, 通过实车道路试验验证了模型的可信度。通过模型仿真, 分析了转弯制动过程中同轴左、右车轮垂直载荷的变化情况, 研究了载荷变化对车轮抱死顺序和制动稳定性的影响与提高制动气室压力对转弯制动稳定性的影响。仿真结果表明: 当制动气压最大值为0.62MPa时, 转弯制动过程中牵引车转向轴右侧车轮的垂直载荷由12.00kN增加到23.00kN, 左侧车轮由12.00kN减小为0.66kN, 载荷转移明显; 制动气压最大值提高后, 载荷转移具有相同的规律, 影响了同轴左、右车轮的抱死趋势和ABS起作用的时间; 当制动气压最大值从0.62MPa增加到1.50MPa时, 牵引车与半挂车的折叠角由0.73rad减小为0.67rad, 制动稳定性提高。Abstract: A cornering braking dynamics model of tractor-semitrailer was established.Its accuracy was verified by comparing its outputs with the test data of tractor-semitrailer.By the model simulation of cornering braking process, the changes of vertical loads on coaxial left and right wheels were analyzed, and their effects on wheel locking order and braking stability were carried out.The effect of brake chamber's pressure increase on cornering braking stability was studied. Simulation result indicates that when the maximum braking pressure is 0.62 MPa, the right wheel vertical load of tractor steering shaft increases from 12.00 kN to 23.00 kN, but the left wheel vertical load decreases from 12.00 kN to 0.66 kN, so load transfer is significant.When the maximum braking pressure increases, the load transfer obeys the same regulation, which affects the locking trends of coaxial left and right wheels and the work time of ABS.When the maximum braking pressure increases from 0.62 MPa to 1.50 MPa, the folding angle of tractor-semitrailer decreases from 0.73 rad to 0.67 rad, so the cornering braking stability improves.
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Key words:
- automotive engineering /
- tractor-semitrailer /
- load transfer /
- cornering braking /
- stability /
- braking pressure
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图 9 气压提高后牵引车前轴车轮载荷曲线
Figure 9. Load curves of front axle's wheels of tractor after braking pressure increasing
图 10 气压提高后牵引车前轴轮速曲线
Figure 10. Curves of front axle's wheel speeds of tractor after braking pressure increasing
图 11 气压提高后牵引车前轴制动气室压力曲线
Figure 11. Curves of front axle's braking pressures of tractor after braking pressure increasing
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