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摘要: 现场测试了列车通过成灌快速铁路路堤段时的地面振动, 分析了列车从内侧和外侧轨道通过时引起地面不同距离处的最大振级、等效振级和振动频率, 研究了振动频率与衰减速度的相关性, 建立了基于波尼茨模型的铁路路堤段地面振动的分频段预测方法, 并对预测方法进行了实例验证。分析结果表明: 距路堤5~75m范围内地面最大竖向振级为51~77dB, 满足现行铁路环境振动标准要求; 快速铁路路堤段列车从内侧轨道通过时的地面振动大于外侧轨道的地面振动; 地面振动在距路堤35m范围以内衰减较快, 距离大于35m后振动衰减速度变慢; 在近路堤范围内以高频振动为主, 5m处振动能量主要集中在16~100Hz内, 超过65m后振动以小于4Hz的低频振动为主; 振动反弹现象主要发生在小于20Hz和大于100Hz的频率范围内。预测方法取得了较好的预测精度。Abstract: The ground vibration induced by trains running on the embankment of Chengguan Fast Railway was measured through field test.The maximum vibration levels, equivalent vibration levels and vibration frequencies in various locations induced by trains running from inside and outside tracks were analyzed.The orrelation of decy speed and vibration frequency was studied, a new frequency-division section prediction method based on Bornitz model for railway embankment ground vibration was built and verified.Analysis result indicates that the levels of the maximum vibration is 51-77 dB in the distance away from embankment 5-75 m, which meets the requirement of current railway environmental vibration standard.The environmental vibration induced by train running on inside track is greater than that on outside track.The ground vibration attenuates quickly in the region less than 35 m away from embankment, and the attenuate rate of ground vibration become slower in the region more than 35 m away from embankment.High frequency vibration is the major vibration phenomenon within the scope of nearby embankment.In the site of 5 m away from embankment, the dominate vibration frequency range is from 16 Hz to 100 Hz.The low frequency vibration less than 4 Hz is the main vibrationphenomenon in the region of more than 65 m away from embankment.The phenomenon of vibration rebound mainly occurs in the frequency range of less than 20 Hz or greater than 100 Hz.The prediction method has good prediction accuracy.
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表 1 不同距离处V2max和V2e的频率特征
Table 1. V2max and V2e frequency characteristics at different sites
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