Interactive evolution between safe headway and control strategy of high-speed trains during following operation
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摘要: 为实现高速列车的安全、高效、平稳运行, 利用Petri网描述与分析了给定跟驰状态下高速列车控制策略与安全车距的互动演化机理, 探讨了高速列车复杂跟驰形势下的安全车距计算问题, 建立了能够反映高速列车控制策略的停车减速运行数学模型, 提出了基于控制策略的安全车距计算方法, 以满足高速列车当前跟驰状态下行为调整的安全性、高效性和平稳(舒适) 性和有助于动态安全车距和控制策略的实时标定。在前车速度分别为250、300、350 km·h-1, 后车速度为300 km·h-1三种跟驰状态下, 计算了前后车分别采取不同的控制策略时应保持的安全车距。计算结果表明: 随着前后车控制策略的变化, 安全车距是不同的, 对列车行为调整的平稳(舒适) 性与跟驰效率的影响也存在差异; 综合考虑安全、效率和列车行为调整的平稳(舒适) 性, 宜针对高速列车不同跟驰状态重新标定不同跟驰控制策略下的安全车距, 并建立相应的数据库, 作为列车运行和控制的依据。Abstract: In order to achieve the safe, effective, and stable operation of high-speed train, the interactive evolution mechanisms between safe headways and control strategies of high-speed trains in given following states were described and analyzed by using Petri net.The calculations of safe headway of high-speed train in complex following states were discussed, and the mathematical model of parking deceleration for high-speed train based on control strategy was established.To satisfy the safety, efficiency and smoothness (comfort) of high-speed train in current following state, the calculation method of safe headway based on control strategies was presented.The calculation method was helpful for real-time calibration of dynamic safe headway and control strategies.In the three following situations that the preceding train was moving at the speeds of 250, 300 and 350 km·h-1 respectively and the speed of following train is 300 km·h-1, the safe headways were calculated when different control strategies were used for preceding and following trains.Calculation result indicates that safe headway varies for different control strategies used for preceding and following trains, and their influences on the behavioral adjustment smoothness (comfort) of following train and the following efficiency are also different.In comprehensive consideration of safety, efficiency and smoothness (comfort) of train following operation, the safe headways in the different following states should be re-calibrated according to different control strategies, and the corresponding database should be established for train operation and control.
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图 2 高速列车区间跟驰行为的演化
Figure 2. Evolution of following behaviors of high-speed trains running in the section
图 3 高速列车车站发车情形下的跟驰行为演化
Figure 3. Evolution of following behaviors of high-speed trains departed from station
图 4 高速列车变速运行的加速度-时间曲线
Figure 4. Acceleration-time curves of high-speed train in changing speed operation
表 4 不同速度下基于舒适性标准计算的k值
Table 4. Calculation values of kbased on comfort standard at different speeds
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表 5 前后车速度均为300 km·h-1时的安全车距
Table 5. Safe headways when preceding and following trains moving at same speed of 300 km·h-1
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表 6 前后车速度分别为250、300 km·h-1时的安全车距
Table 6. Safe headways when preceding and following trains moving at speeds of 250 and 300 km·h-1 respectively
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表 7 前后车速度分别为350、300 km·h-1时的安全车距
Table 7. Safe headways when preceding and following trains moving at speeds of 350 and 300 km·h-1 respectively
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