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摘要: 为使航空公司收益最大化, 将旅客订票与退票看作2个独立的随机过程, 利用泊松分布模拟整个预售期内旅客订票过程, 运用负指数分布模拟旅客退票过程, 从运用价格控制需求的角度出发建立了基于离散时间的航空机票定价与舱位控制联合决策模型, 采用动态规划的求解思想和方法对模型进行了求解, 确定在合适的时间段以何种价格销售机票, 设置每个时间段机票销售的数量限制, 通过一个算例对模型进行了验证。分析结果表明: 2~9折与全价机票应分别提前60.00、56.58、52.87、48.83、44.38、39.44、33.88、27.51、20.09d开始销售, 订票限制应分别为3、43、79、111、141、171、199、227、290。联合决策模型具有有效性和实用性, 可作为航空公司进行合理定价和舱位控制的参考。Abstract: In order to maximize the revenue of airline company, passenger booking and refunding tickets were regarded as two independent random processes.Poisson distribution was used to simulate the process of passenger booking tickets in the whole pre-sale period. Negative exponential distribution was used to simulate the process of passenger refunding tickets.The joint decision making model of air ticket pricing and seat inventory control based on discrete time was built from the perspective of using price to control demand.The solving idea and method of dynamic programming were used to solve the model.The air ticket being sold with which price in appropriate time period was determined.The number limit of ticket sales in each time period was set.The model was verified by an example.Analysis result shows that 80% discount, 70% discount, 60% discount, 50% discount, 40% discount, 30% discount, 20% discount, 10% discount and full price air tickets should be sold 60.00, 56.58, 52.87, 48.83, 44.38, 39.44, 33.88, 27.51 and 20.09 din advance respectively.Booking limits should be 3, 43, 79, 111, 141, 171, 199, 227 and 290 respectively. The joint decision making model has validity and practicability.It can be used as the reference for the airline company to set price and control seat inventory reasonably.
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