Mechanics characteristics of surface damage on sliding-rolling friction pair under high-speed and heavy-load condition
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摘要: 采用有限元法建立了M50钢滑滚摩擦副的弹塑性接触模型, 在接触应力约为4.0GPa、线速度约为50m·s-1的高速重载工况下, 分析了其等效应力、剪切应力场与表层塑性变形, 研究了摩擦因数与相对滑动速度对M50钢滑滚摩擦副接触行为的影响, 并对比了M50钢双滚子滑滚试验中的表层塑性变形。计算结果表明: M50钢摩擦副的最大接触应力和椭圆接触区长、短轴长度的有限元分析结果与Hertz理论计算结果的偏差分别为2.66%、0.26%、6.43%;当摩擦因数由0.1增加到0.5时, 最大等效应力的位置由摩擦副次表层约0.5mm处逐渐向接触表面发展; 摩擦副表面发生胶合失效时的摩擦因数大于0.3, 接触表面最大等效应力大于1 700 MPa; 胶合失效发生时, M50钢摩擦副的应力和塑性应变具有特定的方向性, 表现在滑滚比分别为0.12、0.15条件下, 接触点处线速度较高的表面最大等效应力分别达到2 847、2 689 MPa, 产生较大的塑性应变, 最大值分别达到0.062、0.061, 而线速度较低的表面最大等效应力分别为2 269、2 101 MPa, 产生的最大塑性变形相对较小, 分别为0.040、0.039。Abstract: An elasto-plastic contact model of M50 steel sliding-rolling friction pair was built by using the finite element method. Under the high-speed and heavy-load condition that the contact stress was about 4.0GPa and the velocity was about 50 m·s-1, the Von Mises stress, shear stress and plastic deformation of surface layer were analyzed, the effects of the friction coefficient and the relative sliding velocity on the contact behaviors of the M50 steel sliding-rolling friction pair were studied, and the plastic deformations of surface layers were compared in M50 steel double-roller sliding-rolling test result. Calculation result shows that the differences of maximum contact stresses and major and minor axis lengths of elliptical contact region between the finite element analysis result and the Hertz theory calculation result are 2.66%, 0.26% and 6.43%, respectively. When the friction coefficient increases from 0.1 to 0.5, the location of maximum Von Mises stress gradually moves from the friction pair subsurface at about 0.5 mm to thecontact surface. When the scuffing failure of friction pair surface occurs, the friction coefficient is more than 0.3, and the maximum Von Mises stress is over 1 700 MPa. When the scuffing failure occurs, the stress and plastic strain of M50 steel friction pair have specific direction. Under the condition that sliding-rolling ratios are 0.12 and 0.15, respectively, the maximum Von Mises stresses are 2 847 MPa and 2 689 MPa on the contact point with higher linear velocity, which leads to relatively large plastic strain, and the maximum values are 0.062 and 0.061, respectively. However, on the surface with lower linear velocity at the two sliding-rolling ratios, the maximum Von Mises stresses are 2 269 MPa and 2 101 MPa, respectively, the plastic strains are smaller, and the maximum values are 0.040 and 0.039, respectively.
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图 5 摩擦因数对滑滚摩擦副等效应力场的影响
Figure 5. Influence of friction coefficient on Von Mises stress of sliding-rolling friction pair
图 6 滑滚摩擦副沿深度方向的等效应力
Figure 6. Von Mises stresses of sliding-rolling friction pair in depth direction
图 7 工况1时滑滚摩擦副的等效应力
Figure 7. Von Mises stresses of sliding-rolling friction pair under condition 1
图 8 工况2时滑滚摩擦副的等效应力
Figure 8. Von Mises stresses of sliding-rolling friction pair under condition 2
图 9 工况1时滑滚摩擦副的剪切应力
Figure 9. Shear stresses of sliding-rolling friction pair under condition 1
图 10 工况2时滑滚摩擦副的剪切应力
Figure 10. Shear stresses of sliding-rolling friction pair under condition 2
图 11 两种工况下滑滚摩擦副的塑性应变
Figure 11. Plastic strains of sliding-rolling friction pair under conditions 1, 2
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