Evaluation indices and methods of performances of preventive maintenance materials spraying on asphalt pavement
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摘要: 为有效发挥喷涂型沥青路面养护材料的功能, 根据防止或延缓沥青的老化性能, 抵御水侵入路面结构内部的防水性能, 以及抗滑性、耐久性和耐油污性等路用性能要求, 采用5种不同喷涂型预防性养护材料进行研究, 通过室内试验建立针对这类材料路用性能评价指标和方法。分析结果认为: 添加养护材料的沥青老化前、后残留延度比能够较好地反映养护材料的抗老化性, 良好的养护材料渗水系数应降低80%以上, 其抗滑性以测得的摆值不低于沥青路面的验收标准, 并可通过磨耗试验后摆值变化规律和车辙试验的动稳定度的降低程度分别建立喷涂型养护材料的耐久性和抗油污性的评价方法。Abstract: In order to take advantage of the function of preventive maintenance materials spraying on asphalt pavement, five types of maintenance materials were studied in laboratory to establish their reasonable evaluation indices and evaluation methods according to their performance requirements, such as anti-aging property, water proofness, anti-slip performance, durability and oil resistance, etc.Analysis result shows that the remaining ductility ratio of asphalt before and after aging is better for representing the anti-aging performance of maintenance material; the permeability coefficient of fine maintenance material should reduce by over 80%;the anti-slip performance can be judged by whether the british pendulum number(BPN) is higher than the required standard; the durability and oil resistance can be evaluated by the change rules of the BPN after abbreviation experiment and the reducing degree of dynamic stability in rutting experiment respectively.
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表 1 基质沥青老化前、后性能对比
Table 1. Properties comparison of base asphalt before and after aging
沥青 指标 针入度(25 ℃)/0.1mm 延度(15 ℃)/cm 软化点(TR & B)/℃ 布氏粘度(135 ℃)/(Pa·s) 基质沥青(加德士AH-70) 68 > 150.0 47.6 0.388 RTFOT后的基质沥青 46 70.7 53.0 0.585 
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表 2 油污对动稳定度的影响
Table 2. Influence of oil contamination on dynamic stability
油污类型 无 机油 柴油 动稳定度/(次·mm-1) 3 303 1 981 2 384 变化程度/% -40.0 -27.8
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表 3 不同喷涂型养护材料对老化沥青指标的恢复程度
Table 3. Recoverability of aged asphalt properties resulted from different maintenance materials
沥青+养护材料 指标 针入度(25 ℃)/0.1mm 延度(15 ℃)/cm 软化点(TR & B)/℃ 布氏粘度(135 ℃)/(Pa·s) 基质沥青(加德士AH-70) 68 > 150.0 47.6 0.388 老化基质沥青(加德士AH-70) 46 70.7 53.0 0.585 老化后的基质沥青+沥再生 94 > 150.0 47.3 0.405 老化后的基质沥青+ERA-C 57 86.5 52.1 0.536 老化后的基质沥青+TL-2000 90 58.6 49.6 0.552 老化后的基质沥青+魁道CAP 88 93.8 50.6 0.540 老化后的基质沥青+STAR-SEAL 57 68.0 52.8 0.559
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表 4 沥青老化性能对比
Table 4. Comparison of anti-aging properties for asphalts
试验项目 相对比值 相对残留针入度比 相对软化点比 相对残留粘度比 相对残留延度比 老化后的基质沥青+沥再生 2.04 0.89 0.69 > 2.12 老化后的基质沥青+ERA-C 1.24 0.98 0.92 1.22 老化后的基质沥青+TL-2000 1.96 0.94 0.94 0.83 老化后的基质沥青+魁道CAP 1.91 0.95 0.92 1.33 老化后的基质沥青+STAR-SEAL 1.24 ≈1.00 0.96 0.96
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表 5 喷涂材料延缓老化能力对比
Table 5. Comparison of delay aging abilities for different maintenance materials
老化时间/d 试样的针入度/0.1mm 基质沥青 TL-2000 魁道CAP 沥再生 ERA-C STAR-SEAL 0 66.7 63.3 64.3 70.3 55.3 56.3 10 50.3 66.3 78.3 77.7 65.7 64.3 20 49.3 53.7 51.3 52.7 52.9 51.7 30 42.7 45.3 43.7 44.0 45.0 43.3 40 26.7 32.0 29.3 29.0 29.3 28.7
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表 6 养护材料防渗水性能对比
Table 6. Comparison of water proofnesses for different maintenance materials
试验项目 喷涂前渗水系数/(mL·min-1) 喷涂后渗水系数/(mL·min-1) 降低程度/% 试件表面喷涂一层TL-2000 58.3 10.7 81.6 试件表面喷涂一层沥再生 46.0 8.7 81.1 试件表面喷涂一层魁道CAP 160.0 13.3 94.6 试件表面喷涂一层ERA-C 101.7 12.7 87.5 试件表面喷涂一层STAR-SEAL 111.7 12.3 89.0
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表 7 养护材料抗滑性能对比
Table 7. Comparison of anti-slip performances for different maintenance materials
试件类型 喷涂前摆值(BPN) 喷涂后摆值(BPN) 试件表面喷涂一层TL-2000 55 50 试件表面喷涂一层沥再生 51 45 试件表面喷涂一层魁道CAP 55 56 试件表面喷涂一层ERA-C 53 57 试件表面喷涂一层STAR-SEAL 50 58
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表 8 养护材料耐久性性能对比
Table 8. Comparison of durabilities for different maintenance materials
材料 不同磨耗时间(min)的摆值 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 未喷涂 54 53 56 51 50 48 48 TL-2000 52 48 45 50 48 46 44 沥再生 52 50 55 51 47 45 43 ERA-C 53 49 53 58 54 48 45 魁道CAP 50 48 53 54 50 48 46 STAR-SEAL 56 53 51 53 48 46 45
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表 9 养护材料耐油污性能对比
Table 9. Comparison of oil resistances for different maintenance materials
试件类型 动稳定度/(次·mm-1) 喷涂机油 与对比试件比较后的变化幅度/% 喷涂柴油 与对比试件比较后的变化幅度/% 对比试件(试件表面直接喷洒机油或柴油) 1 981 2 384 原始试件上表面先喷涂TL-2000 2 144 8.2 2 266 -4.9 原始试件上表面先喷涂ERA-C 2 528 27.6 3 565 49.5 原始试件表面先喷涂沥再生 2 461 24.2 2 442 2.4 原始试件表面先喷涂STAR-SEAL 2 241 13.1 2 890 21.2 原始试件表面先喷涂魁道CAP 2 054 3.7 2 187 -8.3 未喷涂任何材料原状试件 3 303
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