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摘要: 为了较好地反映桥梁的使用状态, 解决目前桥梁状态评估中存在主观影响因素过多与评价指标权重不确定性等问题, 基于区间可拓评价理论, 采用了将专家主观权重和客观权重相结合的组合权重作为最终指标权重, 建立了桥梁状态的区间可拓评估模型, 应用区间关联函数计算待评价桥梁关于各评价等级的关联度, 根据最大隶属度原则进行桥梁状态等级评判。应用模型对某连续梁桥进行状态评估, 其最大隶属度为0.20, 表明该桥梁状态等级为Ⅲ级。可见, 该模型可有效评估桥梁状态, 评估结果客观。Abstract: In order to better reflect the service condition of bridge and reduce the influence of many subjective factors and the uncertainty of indexes weights on the condition evaluation of existed bridge, based on interval extension theory, an interval extension evaluation model of bridge condition was proposed.Experts' subjective weights and objective weights were combined as the aim weights of evaluation indexes.The correlation degrees between bridge condition and evaluation grades were calculated by interval relation function.Bridge condition was evaluated according to the maximum subordination principle.The condition evaluation result of a continuous beam bridge shows that the maximum subordination value is 0.20, which indicates the state grade of the bridge is Ⅲ, so the model can evaluate the bridge condition effectively and the evaluation result is objective.
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Key words:
- bridge engineering /
- condition evaluation /
- extenics /
- IR correlative function /
- combination weights
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表 1 评估等级标准
Table 1. Standards of evaluation grades
等级 状态 分值范围 Ⅰ 健康 80~100 Ⅱ 基本健康 60~80 Ⅲ 不甚健康 40~60 Ⅳ 不健康 20~40 Ⅴ 危险 0~20 
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表 2 评审专家自我评价
Table 2. Self-evaluation of experts
内容 评分 知名度 院士、国内著名学者、国内知名学者分值分别为10、9、8 职称 正高、副高、中级分值分别为10、9、8 学历 博士后与博士、硕士、本科分值分别为10、9、8 判断依据 理论分析、参考学术著作、直观判断分值分别为10、9、8 对问题的熟悉程度 符合专业(熟悉)、相关专业(较熟悉)、专业不符(一般) 分值分别为10、9、8 对判断的自信度 自信、较自信、一般分值分别为10、9、8
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表 3 指标评分
Table 3. Evaluation results of indexes
总目标 第1层指标 第2层指标 指标评分 专家1 专家2 专家3 综合评分 桥梁结构体系A 桥面系A1 桥面铺装A11 55~65 50~65 50~60 52~63 伸缩缝A12 60~70 55~60 55~65 57~65 人行道A13 45~50 50~60 55~60 50~56 栏杆与护栏A14 50~60 55~65 50~60 52~62 照明标志A15 55~65 55~65 50~60 53~63 排水设施A16 50~60 55~65 55~65 53~63 桥跨上部A2 主要承重构件A21 45~55 40~55 50~60 45~57 一般承重构件A22 40~55 40~50 45~55 42~53 桥梁下部A3 桥台及基础A31 45~55 55~65 50~60 50~60 桥墩及基础A32 45~55 50~60 45~55 47~57 翼墙与耳墙A33 55~65 50~60 50~60 52~62 锥坡与护坡A34 50~60 50~60 55~65 52~62 附属结构A4 支座A41 40~55 45~55 50~60 45~57 调治构造物A42 55~65 50~60 50~60 52~62 其他A43 55~65 55~60 50~60 53~62
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表 4 专家自我评价指标评判值
Table 4. Self-evaluation indexes of experts
专家 知名度 职称 学历 判断依据 熟悉程度 自信度 1 9 10 10 8 10 10 2 8 9 9 8 10 10 3 8 9 8 8 9 9
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表 5 关联函数计算结果
Table 5. Calculation results of correlative functions
指标 等级 t=5 t=4 t=3 t=2 t=1 A11 -0.47 -0.29 0.06 -0.06 -0.35 A12 -0.51 -0.35 -0.03 0.03 -0.33 A13 -0.41 -0.22 0.35 -0.13 -0.36 A14 -0.46 -0.28 0.08 -0.07 -0.35 A15 -0.48 -0.30 0.05 -0.05 -0.34 A16 -0.48 -0.30 0.05 -0.05 -0.34 A21 -0.41 -0.20 0.20 -0.17 -0.40 A22 -0.38 -0.14 0.23 -0.22 -0.42 A31 -0.44 -0.25 0.25 -0.10 -0.36 A32 -0.42 -0.21 0.25 -0.15 -0.38 A33 -0.46 -0.28 0.08 -0.07 -0.35 A34 -0.46 -0.28 0.08 -0.07 -0.35 A41 -0.41 -0.20 0.20 -0.17 -0.40 A42 -0.46 -0.28 0.08 -0.07 -0.35 A43 -0.47 -0.29 0.06 -0.06 -0.35
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