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摘要: 采用钢管和预应力钢索组合结构, 开发出新型防撞活动护栏, 分析了活动护栏碰撞试验条件和安全评价标准, 建立了有限元仿真模型, 并采用LS-DYNA显式有限元程序进行求解, 最后利用实车足尺碰撞试验对活动护栏进行安全评价。试验结果表明: 该护栏防撞能力达到160 kJ; 碰撞后车辆能够恢复正常行驶姿态; 小车、大车碰撞时护栏最大动态位移试验结果分别为972、1 093 mm, 仿真结果分别为913、1 100 mm; 小车、大车驶出角度试验结果分别为10.2°、0°, 仿真结果分别为9.1°、0°。仿真结果与试验结果一致, 活动护栏满足评价标准要求。Abstract: A new type of crashworthy movable barrier was developed with pretension wire in tube structure, the impact condition and safety evaluation specification of movable barrier were analyzed, finite element models were set up and solved by using LS-DYNA explicit software, and the safety performance of movable barrier was proved by full-scale impact tests. Test result indicates that the crashworthiness of movable barrier reaches 160 kJ, and vehicles come back to normal running performance after impact. Barrier maximum dynamic deformation are 972 mm with car impact and 1 093 mm with bus impact, and the simulation results are 913 mm with car impact and 1 100 mm with bus impact. The exit angles of car and bus are 10.2° and 0° respectively, and the simulation results are 9.1° and 0° respectively. The simulation results are coincident with the test results, and the performance of movable barrier meets evaluation specification.
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表 1 碰撞条件
Table 1. Impact conditions
碰撞车辆 速度/(km·h-1) 角度/(°) 碰撞能量/kJ 小客车(1.5 t) 100 20 67.6 大客车(10 t) 60 20 162.3 
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表 2 静力模型计算结果
Table 2. Calculation result of static model
kN 钢绞线张力 钢管张力 钢管预应力索张力 端部 中间 端部 中间 端部 中间 31.3 5.4 97.0 16.8 178.4 30.8
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