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摘要: 在综合考虑投入和收益的基础上, 从经济角度提出了城市轨道交通线路长度的优化方法, 分析了城市轨道交通线路长度与工程建设费用、配置车辆购置费、运营维护费用、出行时间节约价值和客票收入等因素之间的关系。按照直线和环线两种线路结构形态, 以相对净效益最大为目标, 分别建立了相应的轨道交通线路最优长度确定模型, 并对模型进行了实证分析。计算结果表明: 在通常的客流强度下, 城市轨道交通线路的最优长度在14.5~37.0 km之间, 并且与客流强度成反比, 这与《城市轨道交通工程项目建设标准》 (JB104—2008) 中经验性控制目标非常接近, 该模型可行。Abstract: The investment and benefit of urban rail transit line were considered comprehensively, the optimization method of urban rail transit line length was proposed from economic view, and the relationships among length, construction costs, vehicle purchasing costs, operating and maintenance costs, the saving value of travel time and the ticket income of urban rail transit were analyzed.The determined models of optimal length for urban rail transit line were established with maximizing relative net benefit in accordance with the linear and ring structures of urban rail transit lines, and the models were evidenced by empirical data.Analysis result shows that the optimal lengths for urban rail transit lines are between 14.5 km and 37.0 km with the usual intensities of passenger flow, and the optimal lengths are inversely proportional to the intensities of passenger flow.The conclusion is much close with the empirical control objective in urban rail transit project construction standards (JB 104—2008), so the models are valid.
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Key words:
- urban rail transit /
- rail line length /
- economic rationality /
- relative net benefit
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表 1 计算结果
Table 1. Calculation results
α/[104人次· (km·d)-1] 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 L/km 37.0 34.9 32.9 31.1 29.5 28.0 26.6 α/[104人次· (km·d)-1] 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 L/km 25.3 24.1 23.0 22.0 21.0 20.1 19.3 α/[104人次· (km·d)-1] 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 L/km 18.5 17.7 17.0 16.3 15.7 15.1 14.5 
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