Parking fee and scale optimization of public parking lot with incomplete information
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摘要: 为了对信息不完全情况下公共停车场的费率和规模进行规划, 建立了规制经营和竞争经营2种管理模式下的停车费和规模优化模型。运用二维逆向选择和动态博弈方法得出了公共停车场最优停车费和规模的制定准则, 分析了各因素对最优停车费和规模的影响。通过对2种模式下公共停车场的经营状况和社会福利的比较得知: 经营模式对停车费的影响不定; 竞争经营模式下停车场的规模较规制经营模式下大94.21%;私人停车管理公司的利润较规制经营模式下高67.13%;停车服务需求较规制经营模式下大36.70%, 社会福利较规制经营模式下高41.34%, 可以看出竞争经营模式对公共停车场的经营管理和社会福利较为有利。Abstract: In order to make planning for the parking fee and scale of public parking lot in the situation of incomplete information, the parking fee and scale optimization models under regulation operation mode and competition operation mode were established. The criteria of optimal parking fee and scale were got, and the affections of different factors on parking fee and scale were analyzed by means of bi-dimensional adverse selection and dynamic game approach. Through the comparison of public parking lot operations and social welfares with two modes, it is known that the effects of different modes on parking fee are uncertain. Compared with regulation operation mode, the optimal scale is 94.21% larger, the private parking company's profit is 67.13% higher, the parking demand is 36.70% larger, and the social welfare is 41.34% higher under competition operation mode. So competition operation mode can benefit the operation of public parking lot and social welfare.
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图 3 不同θ、θ2取值下fLG1、fLG2和fCG的比较
Figure 3. Comparison of fLG1, fLG2 and fCG with different θ, θ2
表 1 θ的变化对DCG、TCG、VCG和WCG的影响
Table 1. Effect of differentθon DCG, TCG, VCGand WCG
θ DCG TCG VCG WCG 64 372.07 33 151 4 078 30 403 65 368.97 32 753 3 569 30 264 66 365.88 32 352 3 059 30 128 67 362.79 31 943 2 549 29 994 68 359.70 31 528 2 039 29 862 69 356.62 31 108 1 529 29 733 70 353.54 30 682 1 020 29 606 71 350.47 30 250 510 29 482 72 347.40 29 814 0 29 360 
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表 2 各参数的增加对fCG、sCG、DCG、TCG、VCG和WCG的影响
Table 2. Effect of increasing of each parameter on fCG, sCG, DCG, TCG, VCGand WCG
参数 fCG sCG DCG TCG VCG WCG θ 上升 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 α 下降 上升 上升 上升 下降 上升 a 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 t 上升 上升 下降 下降 下降 下降
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表 3 各参数的变化对fLG1、f 、sLG1、sLG2、sLG、DLG、VLG和WLG的影响
Table 3. Effect of increasing of each parameter on f , f , sLG1, sLG2, sLG, DLG, VLGand WLG
参数 f f sLG1 s LGs DLG VLG WLG θ2 上升 上升 上升 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 α 上升 上升 不定 下降 下降 下降 上升 不定 a 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 下降 t1、t2 上升 上升 上升 上升 上升 下降 上升 下降
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表 4 规制经营模式和竞争经营模式的比较
Table 4. Comparison of regulation operation mode and competition operation mode
参数 停车费 私人停车管理公司的利润 停车场总规模 停车服务总需求 社会总福利 θ、θ2 fLG1最小, fLG2和fCG比较结果不定 VCG < VLG sCG < sLG DCG < DLG WCG < WLG α fLG1、fLG2和fCG比较结果不定 当α较大时, VCG < VLG sCG < sLG DCG < DLG WCG < WLG a fLG1、fLG2和fCG比较结果不定 VCG < VLG sCG < sLG DCG < DLG WCG≈WLG t fCG > fLG2 > fLG1 VCG < VLG sCG < sLG DCG < DLG WCG≈WLG
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