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摘要: 分析了采用轮迹横向分布系数容易导致轴载作用次数计算结果偏大的原因, 通过引入通行覆盖率, 按轮迹服从正态分布, 探讨了通行覆盖率计算方法。提出了柔性路面与刚性路面轮胎有效宽度确定方法, 分析了轴载作用下的路面应力应变峰值对通行覆盖率的影响, 并以卡车J6、德龙3000作用于刚性路面为例, 采用通行覆盖率计算方法进行了路面单一交通量及混合交通量分析。研究结果表明: 对于轴载作用次数计算, 在轴载作用次数的峰值位置, 现行规范的计算结果是准确的, 但对其他位置, 随着与峰值位置的距离增大, 轴载作用次数迅速减小; 单一交通量作用下, J6单轴双轮轴载在距峰值位置0.8 m处, 轴载作用次数减小了50%, 因此, 采用通行覆盖率计算方法比现行方法更为准确。Abstract: The reason was analyzed that the repetition times of axle load were larger resulted from the coefficient of wheel tracking transverse distribution, the concept of pass-to-coverage ratio was introduced, and the calculation method of pass-to-coverage ratio was given in accordance with wheel tracking following normal distribution. The calculating method of effective tire width on flexible or rigid pavement was put forward, and the effect of stress or strain peak value on pass-to-coverage ratio was analyzed under the action of axle load. Taking heavy truck J6 and Delong 3000 acting on rigid pavement for example, single and mixture traffic volumes were calculated by using the method of pass-to-coverage ratio. Analysis result shows that the calculating result of axle load repetition times is right at peak value position under present specifications, but it reduces quickly away from peak value position. For single-axle double-wheel load of J6, the repetition times of axle load reduce by 50% under single traffic volume while loading position is 0.8 m away from peak value position. So the calculation method is more precise than present method.
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图 4 三轴双轮轴载下应力峰值数
Figure 4. Numbers of stress peak value under three-axle double-wheel load
图 8 单轴单轮轴载轮迹分布
Figure 8. Wheel tracking distributions under single-axle single-wheel load
图 9 双轴双轮轴载轮迹分布
Figure 9. Wheel tracking distribution under double-axle double-wheel load
图 11 J6与德龙3000单轴单轮轴载轮迹分布
Figure 11. Wheel tracking distributions under single-axle single-wheel loads of J6 and Delong 3000
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