Negotiation mechanism model of relationship between residential location and traffic system
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摘要: 为了检验交通与活动场所之间关系, 建立了房主与移动家庭之间的谈判模型, 得到并证明了城市每个小区每期房价的Nash均衡价格。通过模糊效用估计, 获得候选小区集, 在候选集上采用非协作博弈的混合策略, 提出谈判机制混合策略选择居住地一定存在均衡解, 通过构造函数, 利用Brouwer不动点定理进行证明, 并设计了求解谈判机制模型的算法。算例结果表明: 道路5-8改善后, 通勤目的地5、B的移动家庭选择小区8的家庭数由0变为446, 通勤目的地A、B的移动家庭选择小区9的家庭数由460变化为601。可见, 交通的改善影响居民居住地的选择。Abstract: In order to test the relationship between traffic and activity place, a negotiation model between homeowner and mobile home was proposed, and Nash equilibrium price of each housing price for city district was got and proven. The candidate cell set was received by fuzzy effectiveness estimation, and a mixed strategy of non-cooperative game was adopted in the candidate cell set. The existence of balanced solution was proposed to choose residential location about mixed strategy negotiation mechanism. A function was constructed, and the existence of balanced solution was proven by Brouwer fixed point theorem. An algorithm was proposed to solve the negotiation model. Numerical example result indicates that the mobile home number of choosing district 8 changes from 0 to 446 for 5 and B commute destinations, and the mobile home number of choosing district 9 changes from 460 to 601 for A and B commute destinations after the improvement of road 5-8. So traffic improvement affects residential choice, and the negotiation model is effective.
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表 1 简单交通路网的静态属性
Table 1. Static attributes of simple traffic network
道路 1-2 2-3 1-4 2-5 3-6 4-5 5-6 4-7 5-8 6-9 7-8 8-9 长度/km 2.900 3.500 3.875 4.000 3.000 3.200 3.000 4.000 3.500 2.720 3.000 3.800 容量/ (veh·h-1) 4 000 3 000 4 000 2 000 3 000 2 000 2 000 2 500 800 4 000 2 500 4 000 自由流速度/ (km·h-1) 60 50 60 30 50 30 30 30 10 60 30 60 
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表 2 各居住区的静态数据
Table 2. Static data of each residential location
居住区 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 上期的房价/ (元·d-1) 34 48 28 49 63 48 27 48 34 享乐设施的完备性 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.6 家庭数 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 20 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 5 000 高收入家庭/% 10 20 10 20 30 20 10 20 10 家庭主要目的地分布 5 500 1 500 1 500 1 500 6 000 1 500 1 500 1 500 500 A 1 500 1 000 500 1 000 2 000 250 500 250 250 B 250 250 500 250 2 000 1 000 500 1 000 1 500 5、A 1 500 1 500 1 000 1 500 4 000 250 1 000 250 250 5、B 250 250 750 250 4 000 1 500 750 1 500 1 500 A、B 1 000 500 750 500 2 000 500 750 500 1 000
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表 3 道路平均速度与流量关系
Table 3. Relationship between vehicle average speed and path flow
流量与容量之比 ≤0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 ≥1.3 平均速度与自由流速度之比 1 34/35 31/35 24/35 19/35 14/35 9/35 4/35 3/35 2/35 0
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表 4 移动家庭选择居住地的结果
Table 4. Result of residence choice for mobile homes
家庭目的地 道路5-8改善前移动家庭选择 道路5-8改善后移动家庭选择 5 A B 5、A 5、B A、B 5 A B 5、A 5、B A、B 居住区 1 0 1 450 0 744 0 379 0 1 450 0 755 0 464 2 0 0 0 851 0 0 0 0 0 865 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 200 0 0 655 641 0 3 200 0 0 630 556 0 6 0 0 0 0 726 333 0 0 0 0 538 435 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 328 0 0 0 0 446 0 9 0 0 1 450 0 783 460 0 0 1 450 0 610 601
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