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摘要: 基于复杂网络理论, 对城市慢行交通网络进行L空间和P空间拓扑结构转换。通过对平均路径长度、聚类系数及度分布的特性分析, 确定了城市慢行交通网络的类型, 并找出L空间慢行网络的中心节点。通过对P空间慢行网络结构特征指标即节点度、紧密度与介数的分析, 应用模糊聚类分析方法, 提出城市慢行网络结构层次的划分方法, 并分析了渭南市的慢行交通特性。分析结果表明: 渭南市中心城区慢行交通网络具有小世界特性, 网络内部的通达性较好; 城市慢行节点的重要程度可通过L空间慢行加权网络的无标度性来反映; 通过对P空间慢行网络结构特征指标的聚类分析, 可将慢行系统分成慢行廊道、慢行通道和慢行旅游休闲道3个层次。Abstract: Based on complex network theory, urban slow mode traffic network was converted into topology structures in space L and space P. Through analyzing the basic property indexes of complex network, such as average path length, clustering coefficient and degree distribution, the network type was ascertained, and the hub points were found in space L. Through analyzing the structure characteristic indexes of complex network in space P, such as node degree, closeness and betweenness, and using the fuzzy cluster method, a network structure classification method of urban slow mode traffic complex network was put forward, and the slow mode traffic properties in Weinan were analyzed. Analysis result shows that the small-word characteristic of slow mode traffic network in Weinan center zone indicates the better reachability of traffic network. The important degrees of urban slow points can be reflected by using the sacle-free network characteristics of weighted complex network in space L. Through analyzing the structure characteristic indexes of complex network in space P, the structure classes of urban slow mode traffic network can be classified as slow corridors, slow passages and slow leisure ways by using the fuzzy cluster method.
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表 1 城市慢行交通网络层次分级
Table 1. Layer levels of urban slow mode traffic network
路网分级 功能定位 实现策略 慢行廊道 构成城市慢行交通网络的主骨架, 承担城市主要的慢行出行, 沿线汇集大量城市商业和公务的出行需求 慢行专用道, 机非道物理隔离 慢行通道 联系慢行廊道的慢行道路, 为城市慢行需求起分流和连通的作用 慢行优先道, 机非划线或物理隔离 慢行旅游休闲道 承担城市旅游、休闲与观光的作用 根据景观需求设置慢行休闲专用道 
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表 2 城市慢行道路规划宽度
Table 2. Planning widthes of urban slow roads
编号 道路名称 道路宽度/m 编号 道路名称 道路宽度/m 1 解放路 20 13 宣化路 19 2 民主路 14 14 南京街 13 3 北塘路 12 15 华山大街 20 4 南塘路 12 16 前进路 27 5 胜利大街 20 17 西岳路 10 6 人民街 12 18 金水路 17 7 朝阳大街 26 19 渭清路 27 8 东风大街 28 20 三贤路 24 9 站北街 12 21 仓程路 22 10 渭花路 12 22 杜化路 17 11 乐天大街 17 23 渭双路 11 12 民生路 20
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表 3 慢行交通网络基本特征指标
Table 3. Basis property indexes of urban slow mode traffic network
网络参数 L空间 P空间 N 68 23 Q 233 141 K 66.60 6.13 L 17.83 1.98 C 0.46 0.33 LR 3.40 1.76 CR 0.05 0.24
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表 4 L空间的Hub点
Table 4. Hub points in space L
序号 节点编号 交叉口 1 39 东风大街-前进路 2 40 朝阳大街-前进路 3 8 东风大街-三贤路 4 14 朝阳大街-仓程路 5 37 胜利大街-前进路 6 41 华山大街-前进路 7 46 东风大街-解放路 8 47 朝阳大街-解放路 9 7 胜利大街-三贤路 10 26 东风大街-金水路
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