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摘要: 利用循环变量法解决了长大重载列车的自由度难题, 考虑了列车纵向、横向和垂向性能之间的耦合关系, 建立了长大重载列车三维空间耦合动力学模型, 分析了牵引、制动和惰行工况下的长大重载列车在直线轨道、曲线轨道和坡道上的动力学性能。仿真结果表明: 在牵引工况下, 列车头部和尾部车辆比列车中部车辆的动力学性能差; 在制动工况下, 列车中部车辆比列车头部和尾部车辆的动力学性能差; 在惰行工况下, 列车不同位置车辆的动力学性能差别较小; 在曲线轨道上, 3种工况对列车动力学性能影响最大, 所以应尽量以牵引、制动工况通过直线轨道, 以惰行工况通过曲线轨道。Abstract: Cycle-variable method was utilized to resolve the freedom problem of long and heavy haul train, the coupling relationship among the longitudinal, lateral and vertical performances of the train was considered, a 3-D coupling dynamics model of the train was set up, and the dynamics performances of the train under traction, braking and idling conditions on straight track, curved track and ramp were simulated. Simulation result shows that under traction condition, the dynamics performances of front and rear vehicles were worse than that of middle vehicles. Under braking condition, the dynamics performances of middle vehicles were worse than that of front and rear vehicles. Under idling condition, the dynamics performances of all vehicles have little difference. On curved track, the influences of three conditions on the dynamics performances are greatest, so, while through straight track, train will be in traction or braking condition. While through curved track, train will be in idling condition.
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图 3 重载列车在直线轨道上的动力学性能
Figure 3. Dynamics performances of heavy haul train on straight track
图 4 重载列车在曲线轨道上的动力学性能
Figure 4. Dynamics performances of heavy haul train on curved track
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