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摘要: 为了提高公铁联运物流配送客户满意度和降低物流运输成本, 将物流配送过程中铁路物流配送中心、货运站(配送点)与收货点之间的路径作为优化对象, 分析了公铁联运中铁路物流配送中心的配送模式, 建立了以客户物流费用最低为目标的路径选择模型, 考虑了各个节点之间的单位运输费用、货物在各节点的包装和储存费用以及客户对某种货物的需求量。计算结果表明: 当铁路物流中心不直接向客户配送货物, 而是选择货运站来配送货物时, 客户物流总费用最小, 因此, 路径选择模型可以准确地描述物流配送问题。Abstract: To improve the customer satisfaction of logistic service and reduce the transportation cost in the united transportation of railway and highway, the paths among the distribution centers of railway logistics, freight transportation stations and customers were taken as optimal object, the distribution patterns of distribution centers of railway logistics were analyzed, a route choice model of logistic distribution with an objective function of the minimal distribution cost to customers was set up, and the unit transportation costs, storing costs and packaging costs of freights at all notes and the freight requirements of customers were considered.Computation result shows that the total cost of logistic transportation is minimal when customers receive freights from the stations rather than the centers, which indicates that the logistic distribution problem can be accurately depicted by using the model.
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图 1 公铁联运配送问题
Figure 1. Distribution problem of united transportation of railway and highway
表 1 配送路线基本参数
Table 1. Basic parameters of distribution paths
物流中心到配送点单位运输成本/(元·t-1) m1 30 配送点到收货点的单位运输成本/(元·t-1) n11 15 m2 40 n12 35 m3 45 n13 25 收货点需求量/t B1 415 n21 20 B2 370 n22 18 B3 180 n23 45 最低配送量/t G1 50 n31 33 G2 60 n32 50 G3 40 n33 15 单位储存保管费/(元·t-1) r1 25 物流中心到收货点的单位运输成本/(元·t-1) o1 35 r2 18 o2 80 r3 25 o3 65 r 15 配送点仓储能力/t C1 350 单位包装处理费/(元·t-1) s1 2.5 C2 400 s2 1.8 C3 300 s3 3.0 特大正整数 U 999 999 s 2.0 
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