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摘要: 对3种基质沥青在不同SBS剂量下的性能指标进行了测试, 运用灰色关联分析法, 以SBS剂量作为参考数列, 以改性沥青的性能指标针入度、软化点、延度、弹性恢复、135℃运动粘度作为比较数列, 计算了SBS剂量与主要性能指标的关联度, 并对关联度进行排序。通过对关联度系数进行归一化处理, 计算得到各项性能指标所占的权重, 建立了SBS剂量与常规性能指标的关系式, 提出了基于多指标的SBS剂量检测方法, 并采用已知SBS剂量的样品组对方法进行了验证。分析结果表明: 与SBS剂量关联度显著的主要性能指标分别为软化点、弹性恢复、135℃运动粘度; 对3种改性沥青采用该方法确定的SBS剂量绝对偏差均在0.15%以内, 可见, 检测方法可靠。Abstract: The performance indexes of three kinds of base asphalts modified with different SBS contents were tested, grey correlation analysis method was used, SBS content was as reference sequence, the performance indexes of modified asphalt, such as penetration, softening point, ductility, elasticity recovery and kinematic viscosity at 135 ℃, were as comparison sequence, correlation grades between SBS content and main performance indexes were calculated and sequenced.The weight of each performance index was calculated by normalizing correlation grade coefficients, the relationship between conventional performance indexes and SBS content was set up, a test method of SBS content based on multiple indexes was put forward, and the method was validated by using sample groups with known SBS contents.Analaysis result indicates that the main performance indexes with significant correlation to SBS content are softening point, elasticity recovery and kinematic viscosity at 135 ℃.The absolute deviations of SBS contents for three kinds of modified asphalts are all within 0.15%, so the method is reliable.
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Table 1. Performance indexes of modified asphalt A
SBS content/% Ductility(5 ℃)/cm Kinematic viscosity (135 ℃)/(Pa·s) Softening point/℃ Elasticity recovery(25 ℃)/% Penetration(25 ℃)/0.1 mm Before aging After aging 3.0 30.0 20.7 0.997 59.1 78 55.3 3.5 39.1 24.7 1.385 70.7 82 54.1 4.0 32.3 20.5 1.601 84.4 85 53.7 4.5 34.7 23.4 1.925 85.5 90 53.0 5.0 31.7 22.3 2.353 89.4 93 53.1 
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Table 2. Performance indexes of modified asphalt B
SBS content/% Ductility(5 ℃)/cm Kinematic viscosity (135 ℃)/(Pa·s) Softening point/℃ Elasticity recovery(25 ℃)/% Penetration(25 ℃)/0.1 mm Before aging After aging 3.0 36.4 24.2 1.045 56.4 75 58.7 3.5 40.7 28.5 1.250 61.3 78 58.3 4.0 34.7 23.9 1.504 64.1 82 58.0 4.5 40.0 28.2 1.740 70.6 87 57.2 5.0 35.8 26.5 2.087 90.1 92 57.0
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Table 3. Performance indexes of modified asphalt C
SBS content/% Ductility(5 ℃)/cm Kinematic viscosity (135 ℃)/(Pa·s) Softening point /℃ Elasticity recovery(25 ℃)/% Penetration(25 ℃)/0.1 mm Before aging After aging 3.0 44.3 25.3 0.876 45.2 74 71.5 3.5 50.2 30.1 1.200 56.2 76 68.0 4.0 42.6 24.9 1.400 79.2 80 65.8 4.5 37.8 22.7 1.608 89.6 83 64.0 5.0 36.0 21.7 2.050 90.8 85 62.5
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Table 4. Equalization sequences of modified asphalt A
Y0 0.750 0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 Y1 1.027 1.005 0.997 0.984 0.986 Y2 0.759 0.909 1.085 1.099 1.149 Y3 0.894 1.165 0.962 1.034 0.945 Y4 0.911 0.958 0.993 1.051 1.086 Y5 0.603 0.838 0.969 1.165 1.424
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Table 5. Equalization sequences of modified asphalt B
Y0 0.750 0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 Y1 1.015 1.008 1.003 0.989 0.985 Y2 0.823 0.895 0.936 1.031 1.315 Y3 0.970 1.085 0.925 1.066 0.954 Y4 0.906 0.942 0.990 1.051 1.111 Y5 0.688 0.805 0.990 1.145 1.373
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Table 6. Equalization sequences of modified asphalt C
Y0 0.750 0.875 1.000 1.125 1.250 Y1 1.077 1.025 0.992 0.964 0.942 Y2 0.626 0.778 1.097 1.241 1.258 Y3 1.050 1.190 1.010 0.896 0.853 Y4 0.930 0.955 1.005 1.043 1.068 Y5 0.614 0.840 0.981 1.127 1.437
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Table 7. Grey correlation coefficients between performance indexes of modified asphalt A and SBS contents
i Correlation coefficient ξi(k) Correlation grade γi 1 0.362 0 0.550 4 1.000 0 0.529 8 0.373 3 0.563 1 2 0.962 8 0.833 8 0.654 7 0.871 1 0.613 4 0.787 2 3 0.524 5 0.351 4 0.816 3 0.638 6 0.339 9 0.534 1 4 0.496 0 0.660 3 0.974 9 0.686 5 0.491 3 0.661 8 5 0.519 2 0.820 6 0.847 4 0.807 8 0.476 3 0.694 2
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Table 8. Grey correlation coefficients between performance indexes of modified asphalt B and SBS contents
i Correlation coefficient ξi(k) Correlation grade γi 1 0.365 6 0.537 4 1.000 0 0.531 7 0.365 6 0.560 1 2 0.683 3 0.898 8 0.712 3 0.624 0 0.708 9 0.725 4 3 0.410 3 0.421 8 0.677 1 0.729 5 0.340 1 0.515 8 4 0.496 7 0.702 3 0.955 7 0.680 2 0.526 1 0.672 2 5 0.719 0 0.692 7 0.955 7 0.898 8 0.557 2 0.764 7
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Table 9. Grey correlation coefficients between performance indexes of modified asphalt C and SBS contents
i Correlation coefficient ξi(k) Correlation grade γi 1 0.381 5 0.575 3 0.970 9 0.557 7 0.395 9 0.576 3 2 0.621 7 0.678 5 0.678 5 0.637 5 0.970 9 0.717 4 3 0.402 2 0.390 5 0.961 6 0.469 0 0.336 7 0.512 0 4 0.529 7 0.719 9 0.985 3 0.714 8 0.526 9 0.695 3 5 0.599 4 0.858 7 0.921 8 1.000 0 0.520 1 0.780 0
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Table 10. Verification of SBS content in modified asphalt A
Performance index SBS content/% Verification sample/% Absolute error/% 4.0 4.5 5.5 4.3 Interpolation SBS content Softening point/℃ 84.4 85.5 89.4 84.5 4.06 0.24 Elasticity recovery/% 85 90 93 87 4.20 0.10 Kinematic viscosity/(Pa·s) 1.601 1.925 2.353 1.756 4.24 0.06
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Table 11. Verification of SBS content in modified asphalt B
Performance index SBS content/% Verification sample/% Absolute error/% 4.0 4.5 5.0 4.3 Interpolation SBS content Softening point/℃ 64.1 70.6 90.1 67.6 4.27 0.03 Elasticity recovery/% 82 87 92 86 4.40 0.10 Kinematic viscosity/(Pa·s) 1.504 1.740 2.087 1.585 4.18 0.12
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Table 12. Verification of SBS content in modified asphalt C
Performance index SBS content/% Verification sample/% Absolute error/% 4.0 4.5 5.0 4.3 Interpolation SBS content Softening point/℃ 79.2 89.6 90.8 87.2 4.38 0.08 Elasticity recovery/% 80 83 85 83 4.50 0.20 Kinematic viscosity/(Pa·s) 1.400 1.608 2.050 1.514 4.27 0.07
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Table 13. Test results of SBS content in practical engineering
Number Test result/% Deviation with design value/% Number Test result/% Deviation with design value/% 1 4.37 -0.13 9 4.42 -0.08 2 4.23 -0.27 10 4.56 0.06 3 4.09 -0.41 11 4.40 -0.10 4 4.52 0.02 12 4.36 -0.14 5 4.43 -0.07 13 4.42 -0.08 6 4.16 -0.34 14 4.28 -0.12 7 4.22 -0.28 15 4.47 -0.03 8 4.36 -0.14 16 4.40 -0.10
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