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摘要: 为提高交通区域通行效率, 构建了适合各种交通状态的区域信号协调控制模型。以区域交叉口总排队车辆数与区域总输出车辆数为性能指标, 考虑上下周期排队车辆数、各交叉口闭合相位差与有效绿灯时间, 建立了模型约束条件。利用粒子群算法初始化有效绿灯时间与滞留车辆数, 采用模拟退火算法求解有效绿灯时间, 在不同交通状态下对某交叉口路网进行了仿真。仿真结果表明: 与TRANSYT模型相比, 低峰时段, 采用本文模型排队车辆数降低了5.3%, 区域总输出车辆数增加了5.5%;高峰时段, 排队车辆数降低了17.9%, 区域总输出车辆数增加了33.4%。交叉口的信号方案优化结果表明: 与TRANSYT模型相比, 采用本文模型时, 各车道饱和度均降低, 平均为1.8%, 最大排队车辆数平均降低2.9%。分析结果表明: 本文模型在各种交通状态下都是有效的, 特别是在高峰状态下, 控制效果优于TRANSYT模型。Abstract: In order to improve the traffic efficiency of traffic area, a coordinated control model of regional signals was constructed under all kinds of traffic conditions.The total queue vehicle number and the total output vehicle number of regional intersection were used as performance indexes of the model.The constraint conditions of the model were established by considering the variable relationship of the adjacent cycle queue vehicle numbers, closed phase difference of intersections and effective green time.The effective green time and waiting vehicle number were initialized by particle swarm algorithm.The effective green time was solved by simulated annealing algorithm.The road network of a certain intersection was simulated under different traffic states.Simulation result shows that the queue vehicle number reduces by 5.3% and the total output vehicle number of region increases by 5.5% in low peak period compared with the TRANSYT model.The queue vehicle number reduces by 17.9% and the total output vehicle number of region increases by 33.4% in peak period compared with the TRANSYT model.The signal optimizing scheme of a regional intersection shows that the lane saturations averagely reduce by 1.8% and the queue vehicle number averagely decrease by 2.9% comparing with the TRANSYT model.It's proved that the model is effective in all kinds of traffic conditions, especially in peak period, its control effect is better than the TRANSYT model.
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图 3 总排队车辆数与迭代次数关系
Figure 3. Relationship between total queue vehicle unmber and iteration number
图 4 总输出车辆数与迭代次数关系
Figure 4. Relationship between total output vehicle number and iteration number
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