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摘要: 将汽车自动变速控制策略分成上层与下层两部分, 进行自动变速分层协调控制。下层为最佳动力性和最佳经济性的基本换挡控制, 上层决策层对识别的驾驶意图、车辆工况和道路环境信息进行占优分析和优先级设定, 决策出车辆当前状态下性能最优的控制目标, 并对下层基本换挡控制策略进行修正和调整。分析结果表明: 采用分层协调控制策略的车辆在爬坡和过弯道工况时比独立控制换挡次数分别减少了4次和2次, 在变速箱油温升高时比独立控制能及时降低挡位, 低附着路面起步时挡位比独立控制高。采用分层协调控制策略可有效降低跳挡频率, 减小换挡部件磨损, 提高车辆通过性、行驶平顺性和安全性。Abstract: Automotive automatic transmission control strategy was divided into upper and bottom layer control parts, and its layered coordinated control was adopted.The bottom layer was the basic shift controls of optimal power and optimal economy, the upper decision-making layer was used to give the dominant analysis and priority settings for the identifiable informations of driving intention, vehicle condition and road environment, vechicle control objective with optimal performance at present state was given, and the amendment and adjustment of basic shift control strategy for bottom layer were made.Analysis result indicates that compared with independent control, the shift times of vehicles based on layered coordinated control strategy in climbing ramp and bend conditions reduce by 4 times and 2 times respectively, shift reduces promptly when gearbox oil temperature rises, and shift is higher when vehicle starts on low-adhesion coefficient road.The layered coordinated control strategy can reduce shift jump frequency and the wear and tear of shifting part, improve vehicle passing ability, ride comfort and safety.
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图 7 自动变速分层协调控制系统结构
Figure 7. Structure of automatic transmission system based on layered coordinated control
图 10 低附着路面信息占优换挡规律
Figure 10. Shift law of low-adhesion coefficient road information priority
表 1 低附着路面换挡调整规则
Table 1. Shift adjustment rule on low-adhesion coefficient road
参数 路面附着系数 VS V M B VB 调整量 VS 0 0 0 0 1 V 0 0 0 1 0 M 0 0 1 0 0 B 0 1 0 0 0 VB 1 0 0 0 0 
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表 2 调整后的换挡控制状态
Table 2. Adjusted shift control state
v α VS V M B VB VS Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ V Ⅱ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅲ M Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅳ B Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅳ VB Ⅲ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅳ Ⅳ
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表 3 车辆参数
Table 3. Vehicle parameters
参数 数值 整备质量/kg 1 470 轴距/mm 2 600 前迎风面积/m2 2.03 风阻系数 0.31 轮胎半径/mm 287 一挡传动比 2.714 7 二挡传动比 1.507 0 三挡传动比 1.000 0 四挡传动比 0.704 0 主减速比 3.920 0 液力变矩器循环圆直径/mm 275
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