-
摘要: 将车辆运行速度、路面摩擦因数作为随机变量, 分别构建了基于质点模型与考虑车辆侧倾作用的侧滑失效功能函数, 分析了曲线路段行车安全可靠性。计算了《公路工程技术标准》(JTGB01—2003)中规定的各极限最小半径下发生车辆侧滑的概率, 并通过改变路面摩擦因数和车辆运行速度, 对比研究了2种不同功能函数下的行车失效概率, 提出了公路平曲线半径的可靠性设计流程。研究结果表明: 考虑车辆侧倾作用计算的侧滑概率明显高于由质点模型计算出的侧滑概率; 在同样道路环境下, 卡车发生侧滑的概率会大于轿车; 公路平曲线设计将车辆简化为质点, 忽略侧倾作用以及车型间差异会导致对卡车行驶安全不利。Abstract: Vehicle running speed and pavement friction coefficient were considered as random variables. Two performance functions of vehicle skidding failures based on quality point model and considering roll motion were proposed, and the safety reliability of vehicle moving on curve road was analyzed. The skidding probability of each horizontal curve with limiting minimum radius recommended by Technical Standard of Highway Engineering (JTG B01—2003) was calculated, the failure probabilities of two performance functions were compared by varying pavement friction coefficient and vehicle running speed, and the reliability design flow of horizontal curve radius was presented. Analysis result indicates that skidding probability calculated by the performance function considering roll motion is larger than that calculated by quality point model, and truck is more vulnerable to skid than car on the same road environment. Vehicle is simplified as quality point, roll motion and vehicle type difference are ignored in the horizontal curve design, these are adverse to truck safety. 5 tabs, 6 figs, 17 refs.
-
图 4 不同摩擦因数影响因子下车辆失效概率
Figure 4. Probabilities of vehicle failure at different friction coefficient influence factors
图 5 不同运行速度下车辆失效概率
Figure 5. Probabilities of vehicle failure at different running speeds
表 1 路面摩擦因数分布
Table 1. Distribution of pavement friction coefficients
表 2 车辆参数
Table 2. Vehicle parameters
表 3 各极限最小半径对应的车辆侧滑失效概率
Table 3. Skidding failure probabilities of vehicle at different limiting minimum radii
表 4 路面摩擦因数影响因子
Table 4. Influence factors of pavement friction coefficient
表 5 平曲线半径可靠性设计
Table 5. Reliability design of horizontal curve radius
-
[1] GLENNON J C, NEUMAN T R, LEISCH J E. Safety and operational considerations for design of rural highway curves[R]. Washington DC: FHWA, 1985. [2] CHOUEIRI E M, LAMM R, KLOECKNER J H, et al. Safety aspects of individual design elements and their inter-actions on two-lane highways: international perspective[J]. Transportation Research Record, 1994(1445): 34-46. [3] LAMM R, SMITH B L. Curvilinear alinement: an important issue for more consistent and safer road characteristic[J]. Transportation Research Record, 1994(1445): 12-21. [4] LEISCH J E, LEISCH J P. New concepts in design-speed application[J]. Transportation Research Record, 1977(631): 4-14. [5] ISMAIL K, SAYED T. Risk-based framework for accommodating uncertainty in highway geometric design [J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2009, 36(5): 743-753. doi: 10.1139/L08-146 [6] NAVIN F P D. Safety factors for road design: can they be estimated?[J]. Transportation Research Record, 1990(1280): 181-189. [7] EASA S M. Reliability-based design of sight distance at railroad grade crossings[J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 1994, 28(1): 1-15. [8] RICHL L, SAYED T. Evaluating the safety risk of narrow medians using reliability analysis[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2006, 132(5): 366-375. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2006)132:5(366) [9] EL KHOURY J, HOBEIKA A G. Assessing the risk in the design of passing sight distances[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2007, 133(6): 370-377. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2007)133:6(370) [10] SARHAN M, HASSAN Y. Three-dimensional, probabilistic highway design: sight distance application[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2008(2060): 10-18. [11] FELIPE E L. Reliability-based design for highway horizontal curves[D]. Vancouver: The University of British Columbia, 1996. [12] ZHENG Z R. Application of reliability theory to highway geometric design[D]. Vancouver: The University of British Columbia, 1997. [13] MCLEAN J R. Speeds on curves: side friction factor considerations[R]. Victoria: Australian Road Research Board, 1978. [14] FAMBRO D B, KOPPA R J, PICHA D L, et al. Driver braking performance in stopping sight distancesituations[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2000(1701): 9-16. [15] ANDJUS V, MALETIN M. Speeds of cars on horizontal curves[J]. Transportation Research Record, 1998(1612): 42-47. [16] OLSON P L, CLEVELAND D E, FANCHER P S, et al. Parameters affecting stopping sight distance[R]. Washington DC: Transportation Research Board, 1984. [17] LAMM R, PSARIANOS B, MAILAENDER T. Highway Design and Traffic Safety Engineering Handbook[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1999. -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 817
- HTML全文浏览量: 100
- PDF下载量: 1563
- 被引次数: 0
