Research progress and prospect of UAV applications in transportation information collection
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摘要: 以无人飞机多次试飞试验和相关研究成果为基础, 分析了无人飞机在交通信息采集、处理与应用中的可能性及主要挑战, 从不同角度展望了无人飞机在交通规划与仿真、道路监控、应急调度和城市交通拥堵分析等领域的应用前景。分析结果表明: 应用无人飞机可以弥补现有交通信息采集技术的不足, 是有效采集连续交通信息的新手段; 随着动态交通视频处理技术的发展, 从无人飞机采集的视频中可以自动提取交通信息; 应用无人飞机采集的交通信息可用于应急调度、车辆跟驰、换道行为与交通拥挤等方面的研究; 无人飞机动态交通视频处理技术的适应性还有待提高; 利用无人飞机信息的车辆跟驰、换道行为与交通拥挤尚缺乏实证研究; 建立无人飞机与地面应急系统的通讯和协调系统及无人飞机-车-路协调通信系统是未来重要的研究方向。Abstract: Based on the flight tests and subsequent studies of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), the opportunities and challenges of UAV in traffic information collection, processing and application were analyzed, and the application future of UAV in traffic planning and simulation, road surveillance, emergency dispatch, urban congestion analysis and so on was prospected. Analysis result shows that the traffic information collection method using UAV is effective for continuous traffic information collection and complements existing methods. Traffic information is automatically derived from UAV videos with the development of dynamic video processing technology. UAV traffic information can be used to study emergency responses, car-following, lane-changing behavior, traffic congestion and so on. However, the adaptability of UAV dynamic video processing technology needs to be improved. The research on car-following, lane-changing and traffic congestion using UAV information needs empirical testing. Some important research direction in the future includes the establishment of UAV-ground emergency communication and coordination system, and UAV-vehicle-road coordination communication system.
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