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摘要: 为了计算和优化无人艇在中低速段艇型阻力性能, 考虑了自由表面非线性和黏性的影响, 研究了滑行艇在排水航行状态的兴波阻力计算方法。结合线性兴波阻力理论, 将给定约束条件下的艇型优化问题转换为求泛函极值的有约束数学优化问题, 通过非线性规划优化理论, 对给定的艇体主参数约束下的目标函数做有条件最小化, 求解最佳优型。理论计算结果和艇模试验结果表明: 利用计算方法能够有效、快速地计算艇型兴波阻力, 优化后的艇型在给定的速度区间(傅汝德数为0.1~0.7)的兴波阻力系数明显降低, 在优化速度点(傅汝德数为0.5)降低约20%。Abstract: To calculate and optimize the resistance performances of unmanned surface vehicle at middle-low speeds, a calculation method of wave-making resistance in running state was proposed in considering nonlinear and viscid effects on the free surface. Based on the linear wave-making resistance theory, the hull form optimization with constrains was converted to a mathematical optimization, by which the functional extremums under specific constrains could be gotten, and the optimal ship form could be calculated by minimizing the objective function under the constrains of specific principle parameters according to the nonlinear layout optimization theory. Theoretic calculation and test results show that the new method is more effective and faster to calculate the wave-making resistance. Optimized hull form has smaller wave-making resistance coefficient in the specific speed range(Froude number is in 0.1-0.7). Compared with the original hull form, the coefficient reduces by about 20% at the optimizing speed(Froude number is 0.5).
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Key words:
- ship engineering /
- unmanned surface vehicle /
- resistance /
- hull form /
- optimization method
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表 1 艇型参数
Table 1. Parameters of ships
艇型 L/m B/m T/m 排水量/m3 USV3 10.350 2.976 0.680 7.740 UV3C 10.350 2.976 0.680 7.959 
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表 2 水池参数与技术指标
Table 2. Tank parameters and technical indicators
水池参数/m 拖车与造波机性能 池长 510.0 规则波长/m 0.5~15.0 池深 6.8 规则波高/m 0.03~0.50 池宽 6.5 拖车速度/(m·s-1) 0.1~22.0 水深 5.0 车速精度/% < 0.2
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